{"id":907,"date":"2025-10-06T18:15:45","date_gmt":"2025-10-06T10:15:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=907"},"modified":"2025-10-06T18:15:45","modified_gmt":"2025-10-06T10:15:45","slug":"%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e8%a1%8c%e6%94%bf%e7%ae%80%e6%98%8e%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97-a-short-guide-to-educational-administration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=907","title":{"rendered":"\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7b80\u660e\u6307\u5357 A Short Guide to Educational Administration"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e66<\/span>0046 <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7b80\u660e\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tA Short Guide to Educational
\nAdministration<\/strong><\/u><\/span> <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7b80\u660e\u6307\u5357\u300b\u7531<\/span>Douglas Cooke<\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span>James
\nDunhill<\/span><\/strong>\u5408\u8457\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e<\/span>1962<\/span><\/strong>\u5e74<\/span><\/strong>\u7531\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/span>\u8be5\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u65b0\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u95ee\u9898\u7684<\/span>\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u90a3\u4e9b\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u4e8b\u884c\u653f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42<\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u6559\u5e08\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e0e\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u6821\u820d\uff09\u3001<\/span>\u8d22\u653f<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u4fc3\u8fdb\u548c\u7ef4\u6301\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u529b<\/span><\/strong>\u548c\u5404\u79cd<\/span>\u8f85\u52a9\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684<\/span>\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u5b83\u4e5f\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u4e8b\u884c\u653f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6559\u5e08\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5c24\u5176\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e3a<\/span>\u65b0\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08<\/span>emergent
\ncountries<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u6307\u5bfc<\/span><\/b>\u800c\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fc5\u901f\u5b9e\u65bd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u653f\u7b56\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5e38\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u53ef\u7528\u8d44\u91d1\u548c\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\u4e0b\u5306\u5fd9\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u5c55\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u884c\u653f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u5c55\u6559\u80b2\u8ba1\u5212\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5174\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\uff08\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u53d7\u5145\u5206\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6210\u4e3a\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u7684\uff09\u514b\u670d\u90e8\u5206\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u6982\u8ff0<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u8d22\u52a1\u3001\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u3001\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f85\u52a9\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u548c\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4e00\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span> (The Pattern of
\nOrganisation, and Control)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ece\u677e\u6563\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u975e\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u8d28\u7684\uff09\u7f13\u6162\u6f14\u53d8\u800c\u6765\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u653f\u5e9c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u73b0\u5728\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u6cd5\u5b9a\u673a\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u5fc5\u987b\u9075\u5b88\u51e0\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u9002\u7528\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n\t\t\u8d23\u4efb<\/span> (Responsibility):<\/span><\/b> \u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u9886\u57df\u5185\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u5730\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  2. \n\t\t\u6388\u6743<\/span><\/b> (Delegation):<\/span><\/b> \u4efb\u4f55\u56fd\u5bb6\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u7ed3\u679c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6388\u6743\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5c06\u804c\u80fd\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u4e2a\u4eba\u6216\u56e2\u4f53\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  3. \n\t\t\u6c9f\u901a<\/span> (Communication):<\/span><\/b> \u6240\u6709\u53c2\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u8fd0\u4f5c\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u8f7b\u677e\u4e14\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u534f\u5546\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\t\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u7701\/\u5dde\/\u5730\u533a\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5355\u4e2a\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u5b66\u9662\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u8d1f\u8d23\u603b\u4f53\u653f\u7b56\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u62e8\u6b3e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5236\u5b9a\u6d89\u53ca\u5efa\u7b51\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u65f6\u957f\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u85aa\u916c\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u89c4\u7ae0\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u4e8c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/span> (The Aims of
    \nEducation)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5929\u8d4b\u548c\u6f5c\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u9002\u5e94\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e50\u610f\u63a5\u53d7\u67d0\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u5927\u4f17\u5229\u76ca\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u76ee\u6807\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n\t\t\u53d1\u5c55\u83b7\u53d6\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6280\u80fd<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u5373\u542c\u8bf4\u8bfb\u5199\u7b97\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u57f9\u517b\u52a8\u624b\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u7d20\u8d28<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u8bad\u7ec3\u6e05\u6670\u601d\u8003\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u57f9\u517b\u5bf9\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u793e\u533a\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u8d23\u4efb\u611f<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u4f7f\u5b66\u751f\u6b23\u8d4f\u5e76\u7ef4\u62a4\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n\t\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5fc5\u987b\u662f<\/span>\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>child-centred<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ee5\u5b66\u79d1\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff08<\/span>subject-centred<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u65ad\u6839\u636e\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42<\/span> (Some Basic Needs)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u56fd\u5bb6\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>\u5e08\u8d44\u4f9b\u5e94\u548c\u57f9\u8bad<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u8fc4\u4eca\u4e3a\u6b62\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u5408\u683c\u6559\u5e08\u6bd4\u5efa\u7b51\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u4e43\u81f3\u4e66\u7c4d\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u5176\u6b21\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u662f<\/span>\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u8bfe\u672c\u548c\u56fe\u4e66<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u4eea\u5668\u548c\u8017\u6750\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u5b66\u6821\u7528\u54c1\u3002\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u5c31\u5b66\u6821\u4f9b\u5e94\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u8ba4\u771f\u8003\u8651\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u5728<\/span>\u6821\u5740\u548c\u5efa\u7b51<\/span><\/b>\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u653f\u5e9c\u9700\u8981\u5236\u5b9a\u6700\u4f4e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6821\u5740\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u5149\u7ebf\u3001\u901a\u98ce\u548c\u6559\u5ba4\u9762\u79ef\u7b49\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8fd8\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5728\u65b0\u5efa\u5b66\u6821\u65f6\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u884c\u653f\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u5c55\u793a\u884c\u653f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u56db\u3001\u8d22\u52a1<\/span><\/b> (Finance)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u653f\u7b56\u652f\u6491\u3002\u8d22\u52a1\u63a7\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u5b66\u6821\u6216\u673a\u6784\u63d0\u4ea4\u5e74\u5ea6\u9884\u7b97\u6216\u4f30\u7b97\uff1b\u7531\u8d1f\u8d23\u5177\u4f53\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5b98\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5e38\u76d1\u7763\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u5e74\u5ea6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6765\u6838\u5b9e\u652f\u51fa\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4e94\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u4e0e\u9886\u5bfc\u529b<\/span> (Educational
      \nService and Leadership)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u53cc\u91cd\u7684\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u65e2\u662f<\/span>\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u4ec6\u4eba<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u793e\u533a\u548c\u5b66\u6821\u5bfb\u6c42\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u5bfc\u548c\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u653f\u7b56\u5f97\u5230\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u4f9b\u5e94\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u5177\u5907\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u804c\u8d23\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6559\u5e08\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u6821\u820d\u3001\u5bb6\u5177\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u4e66\u7c4d\uff1b\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u5728\u804c\u57f9\u8bad\uff08in-service training\uff09\u6765\u6fc0\u52b1\u6559\u5e08\uff1b\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5458\u4efb\u7528\u548c\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u9009\u62d4\u90fd\u516c\u5e73\u516c\u6b63\uff1b\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f<\/span>\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u6e90\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u672c\u8eab\u5fc5\u987b\u662f<\/span>\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u4e14\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8005<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7684\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u516d\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u4fdd\u6301\u6548\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span> (Methods of
      \nPromoting and Maintaining Efficiency)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4fdd\u6301\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u529b\u3001\u8b66\u89c9\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u4e3a\u6559\u5e08\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u540e\u7eed\u57f9\u8bad<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>follow-up training<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u65e5\u95f4\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u5468\u672b\u548c\u77ed\u671f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5047\u671f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u884c\u653f\u4eba\u5458\u5e94\u9f13\u52b1\u6559\u5e08\u52a0\u5165<\/span>\u6559\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u77e5\u8bc6\u6027\u534f\u4f1a\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u534f\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u534f\u4f1a\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u85aa\u916c\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u6761\u4ef6\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u5173\u4e8e<\/span>\u76d1\u7763\u4e0e\u68c0\u67e5<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u4eba\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u59cb\u7ec8\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u7ed9\u4e88\u8d5e\u626c\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u6559\u5e08\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u76d1\u7763\u8005\u548c\u68c0\u67e5\u8005\u5fc5\u987b\u7d27\u8ddf\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u6210\u4e3a\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u6559\u5e08\u5408\u4f5c\u5236\u5b9a\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4e03\u3001\u8f85\u52a9\u670d\u52a1<\/span> (Some Ancillary
      \nServices)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u672c\u4e66\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u548c\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u751f\u6d3b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8f85\u52a9\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u76f4\u63a5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\u5185\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5e94\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u8c10\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n\t\t\u5b66\u6821\u536b\u751f\u670d\u52a1<\/span> (The School Health Service):<\/span><\/b> \u8d1f\u8d23\u5b9a\u671f\u533b\u7597\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u4e3a\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7f3a\u9677\u6216\u6b8b\u75be\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7279\u6b8a\u6559\u80b2\u6cbb\u7597\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u536b\u751f\u4e8b\u5b9c\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\u4ece\u5b66\u6821\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c97\u4f4d\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21<\/span> (Transfer from school to work):<\/span><\/b> \u9752\u5e74\u5c31\u4e1a\u670d\u52a1\u673a\u6784\u5e94\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u4fdd\u6301\u5bc6\u5207\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5411\u5b66\u751f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5c31\u4e1a\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u54a8\u8be2\uff0c\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u79bb\u6821\u751f\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5b66\u4e1a\u6210\u5c31\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u54c1\u683c\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\u4f11\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6709\u76ca\u5229\u7528<\/span> (The profitable use of leisure):<\/span><\/b> \u9274\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u7f29\u77ed\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u5229\u7528\u95f2\u6687\u65f6\u95f4\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u6587\u5316\u548c\u5fc3\u667a\u89c6\u91ce\u3002\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8d22\u653f\u63f4\u52a9\u6765\u4fc3\u8fdb\u620f\u5267\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u7f8e\u672f\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\u6210\u4eba\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (Adult Education):<\/span><\/b> \u5c3d\u7ba1\u9488\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc5\u901f\uff0c\u4f46\u6210\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u9886\u57df\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u52a0\u5f3a\u3002\u6210\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u4ee5\u6db5\u76d6\u57fa\u7840\u626b\u76f2\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6280\u80fd\uff08\u5982\u8015\u4f5c\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u670d\u88c5\u5236\u4f5c\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u533a\u6587\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \n\t\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u201c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u624b\u518c\u201d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e0c\u671b\u4ece\u4e8b\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u6559\u80b2\u670d\u52a1\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6559\u5e08\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t