{"id":659,"date":"2025-10-03T13:40:46","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T05:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=659"},"modified":"2025-10-03T13:40:46","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T05:40:46","slug":"%e7%a6%8f%e7%a6%84%e8%b4%9d%e5%b0%94%e5%92%8c%e8%b5%ab%e5%b0%94%e5%b7%b4%e7%89%b9%e7%9a%84%e7%bb%bc%e5%90%88-a-synthesis-of-froebel-and-herbart","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=659","title":{"rendered":"\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u7efc\u5408  A Synthesis of Froebel and Herbart"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t<span><span style=\"color:#222222;font-family:&quot;font-size:18px;background-color:#FFFFFF;font-weight:700;\">\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e66<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">0031 <\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><strong><u>\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u7efc\u5408<\/u><\/strong><\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><strong><u>A Synthesis of<br \/>\nFroebel and Herbart<\/u><\/strong><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006-713x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"919\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006-713x1024.jpg 713w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006-768x1103.jpg 768w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006-1069x1536.jpg 1069w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/image00006.jpg 1228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9\u4e09\u4f4d\u8457\u540d\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014\u2014<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5362\u68ad<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Rousseau)<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3001<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u88f4\u65af\u6cf0\u6d1b\u9f50<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Pestalozzi)<\/span><\/strong><span> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Froebel)<\/span><\/strong><span> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e0e <\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Herbart)<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6587\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5362\u68ad\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5176\u300a\u7231\u5f25\u513f\u300b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u64ad\u79cd\u6027\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5021\u5bfc\u7684<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u81ea\u7136\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u513f\u7ae5\u4e2a\u6027\u548c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6709\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u81ea\u7531<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1b\u968f\u540e\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u88f4\u65af\u6cf0\u6d1b\u9f50\u5bf9\u5362\u68ad\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u4f5c\u4e3a<\/span><\/strong><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u4e4b\u7236\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u611f\u5b98\u76f4\u89c2<\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Anschauung)<\/span><\/strong><span> <\/span><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u5219\u8be6\u7ec6\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u4fa7\u91cd<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u81ea\u6211\u80fd\u52a8\u6027<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3001<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6e38\u620f<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5185\u5728\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5982\u4ed6\u7684\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed\u548c<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6069\u7269<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f53\u7cfb\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u5b66\u5373\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3001<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6784\u5efa\u601d\u60f3\u5708<\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (circles of thought)<\/span><\/strong><span> <\/span><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5916\u6765\u5448\u73b0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (presentation)<\/span><\/strong><span> <\/span><span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5bf9\u5851\u9020\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u683c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6307\u51fa\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e24\u4eba\u5728\u8d77\u70b9\uff08\u7075\u9b42\u89c2\uff09\u4e0a\u770b\u4f3c\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u4ee5<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9053\u5fb7\u54c1\u8d28<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u8df5\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300a\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u300b\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">A Synthesis of<br \/>\nFroebel and Herbart<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u7531<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> R. D. Chalke, M.A., LL.D. <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1912 <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u66fe\u4efb\u4f26\u8fbe\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Rhondda<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u5e08\u8303\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6821\u957f\u4ee5\u53ca\u683c\u62c9\u6469\u6839\u90e1\u8bae\u4f1a\u52a9\u6559\u8bc1\u4e66\u73ed\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u8bb2\u5e08\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Pestalozzi<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3001\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Froebel<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Herbart<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u4e09\u4f4d\u6559\u80b2\u5148\u9a71\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7efc\u5408\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u8bf4\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9762\u4e34\u5728\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a\u51fa\u201c\u975e\u6b64\u5373\u5f7c\u201d\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u96be\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u201c\u65e2\u975e\u6b64\u4e5f\u975e\u5f7c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u517c\u662f\u201d\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u8bd5\u56fe\u8c03\u548c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u9886\u8896\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u4e9a\u5f53\u65af\u6559\u6388\uff08Professor Adams\uff09\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8457\u4f5c\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u6982\u8ff0<\/span><\/b><b><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u4e66\u5171\u5206\u4e3a\u516b\u7ae0\u548c\u9644\u5f55\uff0c\u903b\u8f91\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u68b3\u7406\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8109\u7edc\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u5f53\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e00\u3001 \u601d\u60f3\u8d77\u6e90\uff1a\u5362\u68ad\u4e0e\u5148\u9a71\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Rousseau<br \/>\nand Pestalozzi)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u9996\u5148\u4ece\u5362\u68ad\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Rousseau<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5165\u624b\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6e90\u6d41\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u59cb\u4e8e\u5362\u68ad\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u513f\u7ae5\u7814\u7a76\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5960\u57fa\u4eba<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u548c\u4e8b\u7269\uff1b<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76f4\u63a5\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e8b\u7269<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u5174\u8da3\u201d\uff08\u201cInterest\u201d\uff09\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u5362\u68ad\u5021\u5bfc\u73a9\u800d\u548c\u624b\u5de5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7406\u60f3\u5728\u4e8e\u57f9\u517b\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4eba\u683c\uff08Perfect Manhood\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5362\u68ad\u7684\u7075\u611f\u5728\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\u8eab\u4e0a\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u66f4\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\u5728\u8bfa\u4f0a\u970d\u592b\uff08Neuhof\uff09\u3001\u65af\u5766\u8328\uff08Stanz\uff09\u3001\u5e03\u683c\u591a\u592b\uff08Burgdorf\uff09\u548c\u4f0a\u5f17\u767b\uff08Yverdun\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u201c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9075\u5faa\u81ea\u7136<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d\u548c\u201c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76f4\u89c2\u6559\u5b66<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d\uff08Anschauung\uff09\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u4ed6\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u611f\u5b98\u5370\u8c61\u63d0\u5347\u4e3a\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08Form\uff09\u548c\u6570\u5b57\uff08Number\uff09\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u4e24\u4f4d\u6838\u5fc3\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Froebel and<br \/>\nHerbart)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5728\u5206\u522b\u8ba8\u8bba\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff09\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\uff08\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u524d\u4eba\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u7684\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4ed6\u4e0e\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u539f\u5219\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u53d1\u5c55\u201d\uff08Development\uff09\u548c\u201c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5bf9\u7acb\u9762\u7684\u8c03\u548c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d\uff08\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u7684\u8fa9\u8bc1\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u5f3a\u8c03\u795e\u79d8\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u6570\u5b66\uff0c\u63a8\u5d07<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u73a9\u800d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e7c\u513f\u56ed<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08Kindergarten\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u201c\u6069\u7269\u201d\uff08Gifts\uff09\u548c\u624b\u5de5\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u3002\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5177\u6709\u4f26\u7406\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u6709\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4ed6\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u6848\u5bfb\u6c42\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5fc3\u7075\u6ca1\u6709\u5929\u8d4b\u5b98\u80fd\uff0c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8868\u8c61<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Presentation<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u5373\u662f\u4e00\u5207<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u201c\u7edf\u89c9\u201d\uff08Apperception\uff09\u548c\u201c\u5174\u8da3\u201d\uff08Interest\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u5f3a\u8c03\u601d\u60f3\u5708\uff08Circles of Thought\uff09\u3001\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u5174\u8da3\uff08Many-Sidedness\uff09\u3001\u4e2a\u6027\u548c\u54c1\u683c\uff08Character\uff09\u7684\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5173\u6ce8\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u3001\u76f4\u89c2\uff08Anschauung\uff09\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ba1\u7406\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Regierung<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u548c\u81ea\u5f8b\uff08<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Zucht<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u662f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9053\u5fb7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Morality<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e09\u3001 \u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4e0e\u878d\u5408<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Synthesis)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u8bba\u8ff0\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c55\u793a\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u5b66\u8bf4\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u8d8b\u4e8e\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u4ea4\u96c6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u5fc3\u667a\u3001\u7edf\u89c9\u548c\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u5b58\u5728\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u60c5\u611f\uff08Feelings\uff09\u3001\u6b32\u671b\uff08Desire\uff09\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\uff08Will\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u7684\u5951\u5408<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4e24\u4f4d\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u7684<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u8d8b\u4e8e\u4e00\u81f4<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u76f4\u89c2\uff08Anschauung\uff09\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5171\u540c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u6559\u5b66\u6b65\u9aa4\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08Motor Activities\uff09\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u5171\u8bc6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u5171\u540c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5bb6\u5ead\u548c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:left;\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8c03\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0e\u81ea\u5f8b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c\u7ba1\u7406\u201d\uff08Regierung\uff09\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u6f84\u6e05\uff0c\u800c\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u5bf9\u201c\u81ea\u5f8b\u201d\uff08Zucht\uff09\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u503e\u5411\u5728\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u4e0a\u8d8b\u4e8e\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u56db\u3001 \u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0e\u7ed3\u8bba<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Influence and<br \/>\nConclusion)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u4e66\u6700\u540e\u90e8\u5206\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4f69\u65af\u5854\u6d1b\u9f50\u3001\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff08\u7b2c\u516d\u3001\u4e03\u7ae0\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff08\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6df1\u4fe1\uff0c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u5b66\u8bf4\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u4e4b\u4e2d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u91c7\u7eb3\u4e24\u8005\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u6700\u9ad8\u5c1a\u3001\u6700\u6301\u4e45\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u513f\u7ae5<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u5219\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u7406\u89e3<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u5f3a\u8c03\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u8c03\u548c\u81ea\u53d1\u6027\u4e0e\u670d\u4ece\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0e\u73a9\u800d\u3001\u7406\u6027\u548c\u4e2a\u6027\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e09\u4f4d\u6559\u80b2\u5de8\u64d8\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5f53\u4eca\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1f5Q-bWwdNG5R-VptuGlbYciCAiH0K7VJ\/preview\" width=\"800\" height=\"1080\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e660031 \u798f\u7984\u8d1d\u5c14\u548c\u8d6b\u5c14\u5df4\u7279\u7684\u7efc\u5408 A Synthesis of Froebel and Herba [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":660,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[141,195,196],"class_list":["post-659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5","tag-141","tag-195","tag-196"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=659"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":661,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/659\/revisions\/661"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=659"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=659"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=659"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}