{"id":653,"date":"2025-10-01T20:18:47","date_gmt":"2025-10-01T12:18:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=653"},"modified":"2025-10-01T20:18:47","modified_gmt":"2025-10-01T12:18:47","slug":"%e8%8b%b1%e5%9b%bd%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e6%a6%82%e8%a7%88-a-survey-of-elementary-english-education","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=653","title":{"rendered":"\u82f1\u56fd\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8 \u200bA Survey of Elementary English Education"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e66<\/span><\/span> 0030<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u82f1\u56fd\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8<\/span><\/strong><\/u>
\n<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/u>A
\nSurvey of Elementary English Education<\/span><\/strong><\/u><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tE. B. R. Prideaux <\/span>\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u82f1\u56fd\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u4e8e<\/span> 1914 <\/span>\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\u82f1\u56fd\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f <\/span>19 <\/span><\/strong>\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u5185\u5bb9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece <\/span>\u6148\u5584\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u6821<\/span><\/strong> \u7684\u65e9\u671f\u6148\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\u5230 <\/span>\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08<\/span><\/strong><\/span>Bell<\/span><\/strong>\uff09\u548c\u5170\u5361\u65af\u7279\uff08<\/span><\/strong>Lancaster<\/span><\/strong>\uff09<\/span><\/strong> \u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u6765 <\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884<\/span><\/strong> \u7684\u9010\u6b65\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span><\/span> 1870 <\/span>\u5e74\u300a\u57fa\u7840\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u548c\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7acb\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86 <\/span>\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u57f9\u8bad<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u6f14\u53d8<\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7b49\u72ec\u7acb\u79d1\u76ee\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u5404\u79cd <\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u300a\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8\u300b<\/span><\/b><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4e66\u540d\uff1a<\/span><\/b> A Survey of Elementary
\nEnglish Education\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8\uff09 <\/span>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a<\/span><\/b> E. B. R. Prideaux, M.A., D.Sc. <\/span>\u51fa\u7248\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u8be5\u4e66\u662f<\/span>Blackie’s Library of Pedagogics<\/span>\uff08\u5e03\u83b1\u5947\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u6587\u5e93\uff09\u7cfb\u5217\u4e1b\u4e66\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e8e<\/span>1914<\/span>\u5e74\u7531<\/span>BLACKIE AND SON LIMITED<\/span>\uff08\u5e03\u83b1\u5947\u7236\u5b50\u516c\u53f8\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u3001\u683c\u62c9\u65af\u54e5\u548c\u5b5f\u4e70\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u66fe\u662f\u5229\u7269\u6d66\u5927\u5b66\uff08<\/span>University of Liverpool<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u8bb2\u5e08\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u521b\u4f5c\u76ee\u7684\u4e0e\u98ce\u683c<\/span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f5c\u8005E. B. R. Prideaux\u64b0\u5199\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u5176\u4e8e\u5229\u7269\u6d66\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u6388\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u8bfe\u7a0b\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u7f3a\u5c11\u4e00\u672c\u201c\u7b80\u77ed\u800c\u53c8\u8db3\u591f\u5145\u5206\u5730\u6982\u8ff0\u6211\u4eec\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\uff09\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u201d\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u586b\u8865\u8fd9\u4e00\u7a7a\u767d\uff0c\u8ffd\u6eaf\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf<\/span><\/b>\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5448\u73b0<\/span>\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/b>\uff08the salient facts and statistics\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u201c\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u4eba\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u800c\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u638c\u63e1\u4e3b\u9898\u201d\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u8fd8\u9644\u6709\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee\uff08bibliography\uff09\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9605\u8bfb\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5185\u5bb9\u6982\u8ff0\uff1a\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u5386\u7a0b<\/span><\/b><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u4e3b\u9898\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u65e9\u671f\u8d77\u6e90\u52301914\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u884c\u653f\u3001\u8d22\u653f\u548c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6539\u9769\uff1a<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n\t\t\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u65e9\u671f\u53d1\u5c55\uff08<\/span>Chapter I<\/span>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u8ffd\u6eaf\u4e86\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ca\u5176\u5728<\/span>1860<\/span>\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u6cd5\u56fd\u5927\u9769\u547d\u3001\u62ff\u7834\u4ed1\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u5b97\u6559\u590d\u5174\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u8fdb\u6b65\u7b49\u91cd\u5927\u8fd0\u52a8\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4ece\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6148\u5584\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u6821\uff08Sunday schools\uff09\u5411\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u6f2b\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\uff08public schools\uff09\u548c\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6148\u5584\u5b66\u6821\u548c\u4e3b\u65e5\u5b66\u6821\u7b49<\/span>\u5fd7\u613f\u52aa\u529b<\/span><\/b>\u5728\u65e9\u671f\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u7279\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8d1d\u5c14\uff08Andrew Bell\uff09\u548c\u5170\u5f00\u65af\u7279\uff08Joseph Lancaster\uff09\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\u5b66\u751f\u52a9\u6559\u5236<\/span><\/b>\uff08monitorial system\uff09\u521b\u529e\u7684\u56fd\u6c11\u5b66\u6821\uff08National Society\uff09\u548c\u4e0d\u5217\u98a0\u5916\u56fd\u5b66\u6821\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08British and Foreign
    \n School Society\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  2. \n\t\t\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e72\u9884\u4e0e\u884c\u653f\u6539\u9769\uff08<\/span><\/b>Chapter II & III<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f00\u59cb\u4ecb\u5165\u6559\u80b2\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      \n
    • \n\t\t\t1860-1870<\/span><\/b>\u5e74\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff08<\/span>Chapter II<\/span>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u4f9d\u636e\u7ebd\u5361\u65af\u5c14\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08<\/span>Newcastle
      \n Commission<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5982\u513f\u7ae5\u5165\u5b66\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4f4e\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u85aa\u8d44\u4f4e\u3001\u56fd\u5bb6\u652f\u51fa\u9ad8\u4f46\u6559\u80b2\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86<\/span>1861<\/span>\u5e74\u300a\u4fee\u8ba2\u6cd5\u89c4\u300b\uff08<\/span>Revised Code<\/span>\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8be5\u6cd5\u89c4\u65e8\u5728\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\u57fa\u4e8e\u8003\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u4ed8\u8d39<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Payment on results<\/span>\uff09\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u652f\u51fa\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u72ed\u9698\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\t1870<\/span><\/b>\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u8d22\u653f\u4e0e\u884c\u653f\u53d8\u5316\uff08<\/span><\/b>Chapter III<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6807\u5fd7\u7740\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u8fdb\u5165\u8bae\u4f1a\u884c\u52a8\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u89e3\u91ca\u4e861870\u5e74\u300a\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<\/span>\u5efa\u7acb\u5b66\u533a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a<\/span><\/b>\uff08School Boards\uff09\u3001\u5f15\u5165<\/span>\u5730\u65b9\u7a0e\u6536\u63f4\u52a9<\/span><\/b>\uff08rate-aid\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u79d1\u73c0-\u5766\u666e\u5c14\u6761\u6b3e\u201d\uff08Cowper-Temple clause\uff09\u5bf9\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u968f\u540e\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u62e8\u6b3e\u7684\u5206\u914d\u30011891\u5e74<\/span>\u514d\u8d39\u62e8\u6b3e<\/span><\/b>\uff08fee grant\uff09\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\uff08\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u57fa\u672c\u514d\u8d39\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca1902\u5e74\u6cd5\u6848\u4e2d\u5730\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\uff08\u5c06\u5b66\u533a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u7531\u5730\u65b9\u8bae\u4f1a\u9009\u51fa\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    • \n\t\t\u6559\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b\u53d1\u5c55\uff08<\/span>Chapter IV, V, VI<\/span>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b>\n\t<\/li>\n
        \n
      • \n\t\t\t\u6559\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\uff08<\/span>Chapter IV<\/span>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4ece\u5b66\u751f\u52a9\u6559\uff08<\/span>monitors<\/span>\uff09\u5411<\/span>\u5b9e\u4e60\u6559\u5e08<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>pupil-teacher
        \n system<\/span>\uff09\u8fc7\u6e21\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u57f9\u8bad\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57f9\u8bad\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u5927\u5b66\u65e5\u95f4\u57f9\u8bad\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u57f9\u8bad\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\t\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff08<\/span>Chapter V<\/span>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u72ed\u9698\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u7b97<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u4e09\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\uff08<\/span>the
        \n three R’s<\/span>\uff09\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u5305\u542b\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u79d1\u76ee\uff08<\/span>content subjects<\/span>\uff09\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\t\u5177\u4f53\u5b66\u79d1\uff08<\/span><\/b>Chapter VI<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u4e13\u95e8\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u57fa\u7840\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u7ed8\u753b\u3001\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u5bb6\u653f\u548c\u624b\u5de5\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u5728\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6f14\u53d8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7b97\u672f\u6559\u5b66\u4ece\u8bb0\u5fc6\u89c4\u5219\u8f6c\u5411\u7406\u89e3\u6570\u5b57\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\uff1b\u79d1\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u53d7\u5230\u8d6b\u80e5\u9ece\u548c\u65af\u5bbe\u585e\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b9e\u9a8c\u548c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      • \n\t\t\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u5f71\u54cd\uff08<\/span><\/b>Chapter VII<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ae0\u5c06\u884c\u653f\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u53d8\u5316\u7f6e\u4e8e\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u6559\u80b2\u76ee\u6807\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u7ef4\u6301<\/span>\u73b0\u72b6\u8bba<\/span><\/b>\uff08status quo ante\uff09\u3001<\/span>\u7ade\u4e89\u8bba<\/span><\/b>\uff08competitive theory\uff0c\u4e0e\u8fb9\u6c81\u548c\u5bc6\u5c14\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u548c<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u8bba<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u4e0e\u6b27\u6587\u548c\u62c9\u65af\u91d1\u76f8\u5173\uff09\u3002<\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \n\t\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c<\/span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u672c\u4e66\u867d\u7136\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u8c26\u900a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b88\uff08<\/span>reserve and
        \nmodesty<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u4ef7\u503c\u975e\u51e1\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u5229\u7269\u6d66\u5927\u5b66\u7684E. T. Campagnac\u6559\u6388\u5728\u5e8f\u8a00\u4e2d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u51ed\u501f<\/span>\u5bf9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8010\u5fc3\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u6709\u5e8f\u5b89\u6392<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u6e05\u6670\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u9648\u8ff0<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u6559\u5e08\u804c\u4e1a\u5386\u53f2\u8003\u8bd5\u7684\u8003\u751f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c06\u53d7\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u3002\u4ed6\u8d5e\u626c\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005<\/span>\u5728\u7cbe\u786e\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u957f\u671f\u8bad\u7ec3\u51fa\u7684\u975e\u51e1\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b<\/span><\/b>\u3002Campagnac\u6559\u6388\u5145\u6ee1\u4fe1\u5fc3\u5730\u9884\u8ba1\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u5145\u5206\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u5e76\u5438\u5f15\u6bd4\u6700\u521d\u9884\u5b9a\u8bfb\u8005\u7fa4\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u300a\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6982\u89c8\u300b\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5fd7\u613f\u52aa\u529b\u548c\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d44\u52a9\u3001\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u516c\u5171\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u3002\u5b83\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u4e3a\u8bfb\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5e45\u7b80\u660e\u627c\u8981\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u6d1e\u5bdf\u529b\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u56fe\u666f\u3002<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t