{"id":1743,"date":"2025-11-08T06:11:07","date_gmt":"2025-11-07T22:11:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1743"},"modified":"2025-11-08T06:11:07","modified_gmt":"2025-11-07T22:11:07","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e6%9d%9c%e5%a8%81%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e9%80%89%e9%9b%86%e3%80%8bjohn-dewey-selected-educational-writings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1743","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u675c\u5a01\u6559\u80b2\u9009\u96c6\u300bJohn Dewey Selected Educational Writings"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e660220 <\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>\u300a<\/strong><\/u><\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>\u675c\u5a01<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>\u6559\u80b2\u9009\u96c6\u300b<\/strong><\/u><\/span><span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>John Dewey Selected Educational<br \/>\nWritings<\/strong><\/u><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17-690x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"950\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1744\" srcset=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17-690x1024.jpg 690w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17-202x300.jpg 202w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17-768x1139.jpg 768w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17-1036x1536.jpg 1036w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/image00001-17.jpg 1242w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ea6\u7ff0<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u675c\u5a01\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">John Dewey<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8457\u4f5c\u548c\u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Pragmatism<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u4e49\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Instrumentalism<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u6587\u732e\u9996\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e0e<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u67e5\u5c14\u65af<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6851\u5fb7\u65af<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76ae\u5c14\u65af\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">C. S. Peirce<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u548c\u5a01\u5ec9<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">William James<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5b9e\u7528\u540e\u679c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u800c\u771f\u7406\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u300c\u6709\u6548\u300d\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u9009\u6587\u6df1\u5165\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u675c\u5a01\u5bf9\u6559\u80b2\u7684<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u6982\u5ff5<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u667a\u6167\u662f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4e92\u52a8\u7684\u5de5\u5177<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6210\u957f\u4e0e\u91cd\u7ec4<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u8df5\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u675c\u5a01\u4e3b\u5f20<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u7684<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u73b0\u6709\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u5185\u5728\u51b2\u52a8<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76f8\u8fde\u7ed3\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u52a8\u624b\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u6765\u57f9\u517b\u6c11\u4e3b\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u90e8\u6743\u5a01\u6216\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u4e66\u7531<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> F. W. Garforth <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7f16\u8f91\u5e76\u64b0\u5199\u5bfc\u8bba\u548c\u8bc4\u8bba\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5448\u73b0\u7ea6\u7ff0<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u675c\u5a01\u8fd9\u4f4d\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa\u7f8e\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u6700\u4f1f\u5927\u4eba\u7269<br \/>\n\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u675c\u5a01\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9610\u660e\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5e08\u8303\u751f\u7279\u522b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u675c\u5a01\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u4e0e\u4ed6\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\uff08\u5373\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u6216\u79f0\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u4e49\uff09\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\uff0c\u7f16\u8f91\u5728\u5bfc\u8bba\u4e2d\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u5176\u5b9e\u7528\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9644\u5f55\u4e2d\u6536\u5f55\u4e86\u9610\u660e\u5176\u54f2\u5b66\u7acb\u573a\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u3002\u7f16\u8f91\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u7cbe\u9009\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c55\u73b0\u675c\u5a01\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u9762\u5411\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e66\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6211\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u4fe1\u6761<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (My Pedagogic Creed)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5199\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1897 <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e74\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u675c\u5a01\u5bf9\u5927\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c0f\u5b66\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">University Elementary<br \/>\nSchool<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u5b9e\u9a8c\u521d\u671f\u7684\u70ed\u5ff1\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u80b2\u5373\u662f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6210\u957f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">growth<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">process<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u505a\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">preparation<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u300c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u91cd\u5efa\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">a continuing reconstruction of experience<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5b69\u5b50\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5448\u73b0\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\u4e0e\u7b80\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u80b2\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e0e\u6539\u9769\u7684\u6839\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">fundamental method of social<br \/>\n     progress and reform<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6539\u8fdb\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 2. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u675c\u5a01\u5b66\u6821<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (The Dewey School)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5927\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5c0f\u5b66\uff08\u521b\u7acb\u4e8e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1896 <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b9e\u9a8c\u76ee\u7684\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5b66\u6821\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5f25\u5408\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u5c0f\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u9602\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u8ba9\u6b63\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u5982\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u7b97\uff09\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7b26\u53f7\u89c6\u4e3a\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b9e\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u7740\u91cd\u4e8e<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u624b\u4f5c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">manual work<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u548c\u300c\u804c\u4e1a\u6d3b\u52a8\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">occupations<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u6728\u5de5\u3001\u70f9\u996a\u3001\u7f1d\u7eab\u548c\u7f16\u7ec7\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u52e4\u594b\u3001\u5de7\u601d\u548c\u521b\u9020\u529b\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7eaa\u5f8b\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5b66\u6821\u7684\u7eaa\u5f8b\u548c\u79e9\u5e8f\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u7fa4\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u6e90\u4e8e\u5b69\u5b50\u5bf9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u548c\u5bf9\u793e\u7fa4\u4e2d\u4ed6\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 3. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (The School and Society)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u6e90\u4e8e\u675c\u5a01<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1899 <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e74\u7684\u4e09\u573a\u8bb2\u5ea7\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u5c0f\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u53d8\u9769\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8d2b\u4e4f\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u900f\u8fc7\u624b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e1a\u6765\u5f25\u8865\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b66\u6821\u81ea\u8eab\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u5c0f\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u513f\u7ae5\u751f\u6d3b\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6279\u8bc4\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u503e\u542c\u548c\u96c6\u4f53\u6559\u5b66\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u63d0\u5021\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u300c\u54e5\u767d\u5c3c\u5f0f\u9769\u547d\u300d\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u51b2\u52a8\uff08\u5982\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u3001\u63a2\u7a76\u6027\u3001\u8868\u8fbe\u6027\uff09\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u672a\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5f3a\u8c03\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u9700\u6c42\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u96c6\u4f53\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u80fd\u57f9\u517b\u793e\u4f1a\u5408\u4f5c\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e2a\u4eba\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u6d6a\u8d39\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u675c\u5a01\u6307\u51fa\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u6e90\u4e8e\u9694\u79bb<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b66\u6821\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\ufe0f 4. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (The Child and the Curriculum)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u675c\u5a01\u5bf9\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5236\u548c\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u513f\u7ae5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5236\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u675c\u5a01\u8ba4\u4e3a\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff08\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u662f\u865a\u5047\u7684\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u540c\u4e00\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u9879\u548c\u7ec8\u7ed3\u9879<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u662f\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u300c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u300d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7406\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u8bfe\u7a0b\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u903b\u8f91\uff08\u6210\u4eba\u4e95\u7136\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u3001\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5982\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u5730\u56fe\uff09\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\uff08\u5728\u513f\u7ae5\u53d1\u5c55\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u63a2\u9669\u8005\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\uff09\u7684<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53cc\u91cd\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5316\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u8bfe\u7a0b\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5316<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u513f\u7ae5\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u82e5\u672a\u80fd\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u5b66\u79d1\u5c06\u6ca6\u4e3a\u5f92\u5177\u5f62\u5f0f\u3001\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u52a8\u673a\u7684\u50f5\u786c\u6750\u6599\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff08\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6307\u5bfc\uff09\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u80fd\u5f15\u5bfc\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53d6\u800c\u4ee3\u4e4b\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 5. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Psychology and Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u65e8\u5728\u9610\u660e\u675c\u5a01\u6559\u80b2\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u6210\u4eba\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6279\u8bc4\u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u80b2\u5c06\u6210\u4eba\uff08\u62e5\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u76ee\u6807\u4e0e\u4e60\u60ef\uff09\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u89c2\u70b9\u5957\u7528\u5230\u513f\u7ae5\uff08\u5176\u5929\u804c\u662f\u5168\u9762\u6210\u957f\uff09\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5f53\u4ee3\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5c06\u5fc3\u667a\u89c6\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e8b\u52a1\uff1b\u5c06\u5fc3\u667a\u89c6\u4e3a\u6210\u957f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e0d\u53d8\u3001\u5177\u5907\u76f8\u540c\u5fc3\u7075\u5b98\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1b\u5e76\u8ba4\u4e3a\u667a\u529b\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u611f\u89c9\u96b6\u5c5e\u4e8e<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u884c\u52a8<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">action<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u52aa\u529b\u3001\u601d\u8003\u4e0e\u52a8\u673a\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u771f\u6b63\u7684<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u52aa\u529b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e0d\u662f\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u7d27\u5f20\u6216\u86ee\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u56f0\u96be\u65f6\uff0c\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u8861\u91cf\u4e86\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5524\u9192<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u601d\u8003<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">reflection<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e0e\u300c\u601d\u8651\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u548c\u5e7f\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u300d\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e0e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u52b3\u7d2f\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u52a8\u673a\u5e94\u4ece\u5b66\u79d1\u5185\u5bb9\u672c\u8eab\u4e0e\u513f\u7ae5\u73b0\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u53ca\u6210\u957f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 6. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6c11\u4e3b<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Democracy in Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u675c\u5a01\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u4e49\u54f2\u5b66\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6c11\u4e3b\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6c11\u4e3b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u89e3\u653e\u667a\u529b\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6548\u80fd<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u7f3a\u9677\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5f53\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u6709\u4e24\u5927\u7f3a\u9677\uff1a <\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9650\u5236\u6559\u5e08\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u5e08\u5728\u8bfe\u7a0b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u8d23\u4efb\u8fc7\u5c11\uff0c\u667a\u529b\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u800c\u975e\u5177\u5907\u4e13\u4e1a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u6539\u9769\u9700\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u6559\u5e08\u53d1\u6325\u667a\u529b\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9650\u5236\u5b66\u751f\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u667a\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d7\u5230\u73b0\u6210\u6750\u6599\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u63a2\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u667a\u529b\u6709\u6548\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u4f53\u73b0\u4e8e<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u573a\u6240\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 7. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u539f\u5219<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Moral Principles in Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u5f71\u54cd\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u300c\u9053\u5fb7\u89c2\u5ff5\u300d\u4e0e\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u300c\u89c2\u5ff5\u300d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u8d23\u4efb\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5b66\u6821\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8d23\u4efb\u662f\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u9053\u5fb7\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u5728\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5177\u5907\u300c\u670d\u52a1\u6027\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">serviceableness<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u7fa4\u751f\u6d3b\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u300c\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53c2\u4e0e\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u80da\u80ce\u5f0f\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5c0f\u533a\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u8bad\u7ec3\u9053\u5fb7\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u88ab\u52a8\u5438\u6536\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\uff09\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u52a8\u673a\u3002\u6240\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u5b69\u5b50\u79ef\u6781\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u5efa\u6784\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\uff09\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5c06\u9053\u5fb7\u91cd\u5fc3\u4ece\u300c\u81ea\u79c1\u7684\u5438\u6536\u300d\u8f6c\u5411\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\ufe0f 8. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u6821<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Religion and Our Schools)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u675c\u5a01\u5728\u6392\u65a5\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u64b0\u5199\u4e86\u6b64\u6587\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b97\u6559\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u675c\u5a01\u533a\u5206\u4e86\u300c\u5b97\u6559\u300d\uff08\u6307\u5386\u53f2\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u3001\u6559\u6761\uff09\u4e0e\u300c\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">religious<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u6307\u4e00\u79cd\u300c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u300d\uff0c\u5373\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u4e0e\u4eba\u7c7b\u5171\u540c\u547d\u8fd0\u7684\u4f53\u8ba4\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e3b\u5f20\u300c\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb\u300d\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u675c\u5a01\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c2\u70b9\u5b8c\u5168\u786e\u7acb\uff0c\u4e14\u6559\u80b2\u673a\u6784\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u7cbe\u795e\u534f\u8c03\u4e00\u81f4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u5bf9\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u5b66\u91c7\u53d6<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u81ea\u7531\u653e\u4efb<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">laissez-faire policy<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6c11\u4e3b\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u6027\u5e94\u6e90\u4e8e\u5bf9<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6c11\u4e3b\u548c\u79d1\u5b66<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6240\u8574\u542b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e0e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u516c\u7acb\u5b66\u6821\u6700\u597d\u662f\u900f\u8fc7\u4fc3\u8fdb\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u7edf\u4e00\u300d\u6765\u670d\u52a1\u5b97\u6559\u4e8b\u4e1a\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 9. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Aims in Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5de5\u5177\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76ee\u6807\u5373\u6210\u957f\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6301\u7eed\u5176\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5373\u300c\u6301\u7eed\u6210\u957f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u8fc7\u7a0b\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u5916\u5728\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\u548c\u56de\u62a5\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u667a\u529b\u884c\u52a8\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5177\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5c31\u662f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u660e\u667a\u7684\u884c\u52a8<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9884\u89c1\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5bfc\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u624b\u6bb5\u548c\u5236\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53cd\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u53cd\u5bf9\u50f5\u5316\u3001\u5916\u90e8\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u667a\u529b\uff0c\u5c06\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u5c06\u6d3b\u52a8\u964d\u683c\u4e3a\u82e6\u5dee\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5fc5\u987b\u662f<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6027\u7684<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4eba\uff08\u6559\u5e08\u3001\u5bb6\u957f\u7b49\uff09\u624d\u6709\u76ee\u6807\uff1b\u6559\u80b2\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u597d\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e94\u57fa\u4e8e\u53d7\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u5185\u5728\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2696<\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\ufe0f 10. <\/span><\/b><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u6807\u51c6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Criteria of Experience)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"left\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u80fd\u300c\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u5730\u3001\u521b\u9020\u6027\u5730\u5f15\u5bfc\u968f\u540e\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u300d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6807\u51c6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 1<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u8fde\u7eed\u6027<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Continuity)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6240\u6709\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\u7eed\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6709\u6559\u80b2\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6210\u957f\u5fc5\u987b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u6210\u957f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ec5\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u72ed\u9698\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u5982\u6210\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7a83\u8d3c\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6807\u51c6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a\u4e92\u52a8\u6027<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> (Interaction)<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0e\u5176\u73af\u5883\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u613f\u671b\uff09<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e92\u52a8<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u7ed3\u5408\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8861\u91cf\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6559\u80b2\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u8005\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u6559\u80b2\u8005\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u5b89\u6392<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5ba2\u89c2\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0e\u53d7\u6559\u8005\u7684\u73b0\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e92\u52a8\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6559\u80b2\u8c2c\u8bef\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u4f20\u7edf\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8c2c\u8bef\u5728\u4e8e\u8ba4\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5b66\u79d1\u5177\u6709\u5185\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u300c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f34\u968f\u5b66\u4e60<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300d\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">collateral<br \/>\n     learning<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u5373\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u597d\u6076\u7684\u5f62\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51c6\u5907\uff1a<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> 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style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5c06\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u4ece\u6743\u5a01\u704c\u8f93\u8f6c\u5411<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u667a\u529b\u63a2\u7a76<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b66\u6821\u4ece\u5b64\u7acb\u673a\u6784\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u7fa4<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4ed6\u4e0d\u65ad\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u505a\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u4e8e\u5f53\u4e0b\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u591f\u4fc3\u8fdb<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u3001\u6709\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u6210\u957f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4ed6\u53cd\u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u8bba\uff08\u5982\u5fc3\u667a\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0e\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\uff09\uff0c\u4e3b\u5f20\u900f\u8fc7\u300c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u91cd\u5efa\u300d\u6765\u8fbe\u6210\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u667a\u529b\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1hZz0jUE31n6w730TzahhpFBcOcbIEnTN\/preview\" width=\"800\" height=\"1080\"><br \/>\n\t<\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e660220 &nbsp; \u300a\u675c\u5a01\u6559\u80b2\u9009\u96c6\u300bJohn Dewey Selected Educationa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[163],"class_list":["post-1743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5","tag-163"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1743"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1743\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1745,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1743\/revisions\/1745"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/muma.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}