{"id":1705,"date":"2025-11-02T13:41:25","date_gmt":"2025-11-02T05:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1705"},"modified":"2025-11-02T13:41:25","modified_gmt":"2025-11-02T05:41:25","slug":"21%e4%b8%96%e7%ba%aa%e8%bf%9b%e5%8c%96%e8%ae%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1705","title":{"rendered":"21\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>21<\/strong><\/u><\/span><span style=\"font-size:24px;\"><u><strong>\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba<\/strong><\/u><\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/036-791x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"829\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-1706\" srcset=\"https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/036-791x1024.jpg 791w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/036-232x300.jpg 232w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/036-768x994.jpg 768w, https:\/\/muma.my\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/036.jpg 816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/>&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\"><br \/>\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">21<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u300b<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4f5c\u8005<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e0c\u745f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6d77\u82f1\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Heather Heying<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e03\u96f7\u7279<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u97e6\u6069\u65af\u5766\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Bret Weinstein<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u592b\u5987\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u529e<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9ed1\u9a6c\u64ad\u5ba2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c\u64b0\u5199\u7545\u9500\u4e66\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7528\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u3001\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u6096\u8bba\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u57fa\u56e0\u7684\u5171\u8fdb\u5316\uff08\u4f8b\u5982<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6b27\u7c73\u4f3d\u539f\u5219\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u8b66\u544a\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u81ea\u6211\u6bc1\u706d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e8f\u8a00\u548c\u5f15\u8a00\u90e8\u5206\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5bf9<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u667a\u6167<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u547c\u5401\u7528<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6743\u8861\u601d\u7ef4<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u548c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5207\u65af\u7279\u987f\u6805\u680f\u539f\u5219\u6765\u5e94\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e0e\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d70\u5411<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u574f\u7684\u672a\u6765<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8457\u4f5c\u80cc\u666f\u4e0e\u4f5c\u8005\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u300a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">21<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u300b\u7531\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u5e0c\u745f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6d77\u82f1\u548c\u5e03\u96f7\u7279<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u00b7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u97e6\u6069\u65af\u5766\u5408\u8457\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u7545\u9500\u4e66\u3002\u4e24\u4f4d\u4f5c\u8005\u66fe\u5728\u5e38\u9752\u5dde\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\u62c5\u4efb\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u957f\u8fbe<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">15<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5e74\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u63ed\u793a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u5e76\u5e0c\u671b\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u6761\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u524d\u8fdb\u7684\u9053\u8def\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u4ece\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4eba\u7c7b\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4ed6\u4eec\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u63d0\u70bc\u6210\u5b9e\u7528\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u4eec\u5e94\u5bf9 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8d85\u65b0\u5947<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">hyper-novel<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u52a0\u901f\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u6df1\u8868\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u65e0\u6cd5\u51cf\u901f\u800c\u6700\u7ec8\u8d70\u5411\u706d\u4ea1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5f15\u8a00\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u7684\u771f\u76f8<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5f15\u8a00\u901a\u8fc7\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u54e5\u65af\u8fbe\u9ece\u52a0\u7684\u4eb2\u8eab\u7ecf\u5386\u5f00\u7bc7\uff1a\u4e00\u4f4d\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u8b66\u544a\u4ed6\u4eec\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8eab\u5904\u5e73\u5730\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0b\u96e8\uff0c\u5c71\u91cc\u4e0b\u96e8\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cb3\u6c34\u66b4\u6da8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u633d\u6551\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u76f2\u533a<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7531\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u590d\u6742\u3001\u5168\u7403\u5316\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5730\u65b9\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u900f\u5f7b\u628a\u63e1\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u865a\u5047\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8d85\u65b0\u5947<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u5ea6\u4e4b\u5feb\uff0c\u5df2\u8d85\u8d8a\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406\uff09\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u4eba\u7c7b\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u81ea\u6211\u4f24\u5bb3\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u8eab\u4e0a\u643a\u5e26\u7740\u591a\u91cd\u8fdb\u5316\u5386\u53f2\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8fdb\u5316\u5305\u88b1<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9c7c\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u7075\u957f\u76ee\u52a8\u7269\u3001\u72e9\u730e\u91c7\u96c6\u8005\u4e43\u81f3\u540e\u5de5\u4e1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">1<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6001\u4f4d<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u63d0\u51fa <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u7684\u6096\u8bba<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7269\u79cd\u5fc5\u987b\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e07\u4e8b\u901a\u5fc5\u65e0\u4e8b\u7cbe<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\uff0c\u5374\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u884c\u5bb6\u91cc\u624b\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u7684\u754c\u9650\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7bdd\u706b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u8fd9\u4e00<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u7194\u7089<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u7bdd\u706b\u65c1\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u624d\u80fd\u548c\u89c1\u89e3\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6c47\u96c6\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c06\u4e2a\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u878d\u5165 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u96c6\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u521b\u65b0\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">consciousness<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e2d\u65b0\u8fd1\u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u3001\u7528\u4e8e\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u521b\u65b0\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6587\u5316<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">culture<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4ee3\u4ee3\u4f20\u627f\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u3001\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u6210\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u3001\u76f4\u89c9\u6027\u884c\u52a8\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u667a\u6167\uff08\u6267\u884c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7\u5728 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u4e4b\u95f4\u6447\u6446\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u751f\u6001\u4f4d\u8f6c\u6362<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6b27\u7c73\u4f3d\u539f\u5219<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Omega principle<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u5e7f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u8868\u89c2\u9057\u4f20\u8c03\u8282\u5668\uff08\u5982\u6587\u5316\uff09\u662f\u4e3a\u57fa\u56e0\u7ec4\u670d\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u6bd4\u57fa\u56e0\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u6811<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u957f\u8fbe<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">35<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4ebf\u5e74\u7684\u751f\u547d\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e16\u7cfb\u4ece\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u3001\u591a\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u3001\u810a\u690e\u52a8\u7269\u5230\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u548c\u7075\u957f\u76ee\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u5f3a\u8c03\u4eba\u7c7b\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u8111\u3001\u9aa8\u9abc\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u8239\u53ea\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff1a<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u624d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u4e16\u754c<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u805a\u7126\u4e8e <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5931\u914d\u6027\u75be\u75c5<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u548c <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8d85\u65b0\u5947\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u73af\u5883\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u8eab\u4f53\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u602a\u5f02<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">WEIRD<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5373\u897f\u65b9\u3001\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\uff09\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\uff0c\u5176\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u5fc3\u667a\u5df2\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4eba\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u7f2a\u52d2<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u83b1\u5c14\u9519\u89c9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6e90\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u89c4\u683c\u6750\u548c\u51e0\u4f55\u5f62\u72b6\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9884\u9632\u539f\u5219<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">precautionary principle<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5f88\u9ad8\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8c28\u614e\u884c\u4e8b\u5e76\u7f13\u6162\u63a8\u8fdb\u53d8\u9769\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5207\u65af\u7279\u987f\u6805\u680f\u539f\u5219<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">Chesterton\u2019s fence<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\uff1a\u5728\u5b8c\u5168\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c1a\u672a\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982\u9611\u5c3e\uff09\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u6539\u52a8\u5b83\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd0\u7528 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u4e09\u8981\u7d20<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u53d8\u5316\u6027\u3001\u6301\u4e45\u6027\uff09\u6765\u8bc1\u660e\u9611\u5c3e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u73b0\u4ee3\u793e\u4f1a\u536b\u751f\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u6539\u5584\uff08\u536b\u751f\u5047\u8bf4\uff09\uff0c\u9611\u5c3e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6709\u76ca\u7ec6\u83cc\u50a8\u5b58\u5e93\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u51cf\u5f31\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u53d8\u6210\u4e86<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b9a\u65f6\u70b8\u5f39<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u5f3a\u8c03 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6743\u8861\u7684\u903b\u8f91<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u51e1\u4e8b\u7686\u987b\u6743\u8861\uff09\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u6743\u8861\u80fd\u63a8\u52a8\u591a\u6837\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">4<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u533b\u836f<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u533b\u5b66\u4e2d\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">reductionism<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u601d\u7ef4\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e25\u5389\u6279\u8bc4\u3002\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4eba\u4f53\u548c\u5fc3\u667a\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u6821\u51c6\u7684\u673a\u5668\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5f00\u5173\uff08\u836f\u7269\uff09\u6765\u4fee\u590d\u4e00\u5207\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u836f\u7269\u6ee5\u7528\u3001\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u53ef\u8861\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff08\u5982\u5361\u8def\u91cc\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5ffd\u89c6\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u533a\u5206\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8fd1\u56e0\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">proximate explanation<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5982\u4f55<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8fd0\u884c\uff09\u548c <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ec8\u6781\u56e0\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">ultimate explanation<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b58\u5728\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u533b\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u82e5\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd1\u56e0\uff0c\u4e14\u5e26\u6709\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u504f\u89c1\uff0c\u89c6\u91ce\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u72ed\u7a84\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9aa8\u6298\u540e\u4e0d\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u7528\u836f\u7269\u6d88\u9664\u75bc\u75db\u6216\u80bf\u80c0\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u75bc\u75db\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6307\u5bfc\u6062\u590d\u548c\u9632\u6b62\u518d\u53d7\u4f24\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u76f2\u76ee<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u76f8\u4fe1\u79d1\u5b66<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6216\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5b66\u4f1a <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u5e76\u503e\u542c\u8eab\u4f53\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u58f0\u97f3\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">5<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u996e\u98df<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u6279\u5224\u4e86\u5bfb\u627e <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u666e\u904d\u9002\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u996e\u98df\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u8352\u8c2c\u6027\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u548c\u73af\u5883\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u996e\u98df\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8fd8\u539f\u8bba\u7684\u996e\u98df\u89c2\u5c06\u98df\u7269\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5982\u7ef4\u751f\u7d20\u3001\u5361\u8def\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6574\u4f53\u5927\u4e8e\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u548c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span> <\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u98df\u7269\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u793e\u4ea4\u8054\u7cfb\u548c\u4f20\u627f\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u98df\u7269\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u662f\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u5ba1\u7f8e\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u5ec9\u4ef7\u3001\u6df1\u52a0\u5de5\u98df\u54c1\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5bf9 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e30\u6536\u7684\u76db\u5bb4<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u9a6c\u8fbe\u52a0\u65af\u52a0\u4eba\u7684\u76db\u5bb4\u6216\u739b\u96c5\u4eba\u7684\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5269\u4f59\u8d44\u6e90\u6295\u5165\u5230\u516c\u5171\u5de5\u7a0b\u6216\u6682\u65f6\u6027\u6d88\u8017\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u5bcc\u9976\u5e74\u666f\u6269\u5927\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9632\u6b62\u5728\u8d2b\u7620\u5e74\u666f\u51fa\u73b0\u707e\u96be\u6027\u9965\u8352\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u957f\u671f\u7b56\u7565<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">6<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u7761\u7720<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u7761\u7720\u7684\u8fdb\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u73b0\u4ee3\u5149\u7167\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u7269\u949f\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u7761\u7720\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u5feb\u901f\u773c\u52a8\u548c\u975e\u5feb\u901f\u773c\u52a8\uff09\u662f\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u597d\u5904\u5927\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5929\u4e09\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f11\u7720<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002\u68a6\u5883\u5219\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u524d\u540e\u65e5\u5b50\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u5e73\u9759\u6210\u957f\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u73b0\u4ee3\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7535\u706f<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8d85\u65b0\u5947\u6027\uff1a\u4eba\u9020\u5149\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u504f\u84dd\u5149\uff09\u4f1a\u5e72\u6270\u5927\u8111\u677e\u679c\u4f53\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6270\u4e71\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u7761\u7720<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u89c9\u9192\u5468\u671f\u3002\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u662f <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u706b\u5149<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u504f\u7ea2\u5149\uff09\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5efa\u8bae\u5229\u7528\u5929\u4f53\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7761\u7720<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u2014<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u89c9\u9192\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5367\u5ba4\u9ed1\u6697\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6297\u8fd9\u79cd\u5149\u6c61\u67d3\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">7<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u6027\u4e0e\u6027\u522b<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u627f\u8ba4\u4e24\u6027\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u9762\u524d\u5e94\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u5f3a\u8c03 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e24\u6027\u5728\u79cd\u7fa4\u5c42\u9762\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5982\u5174\u8da3\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u98ce\u683c\u3001\u4f53\u80fd\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5426\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u611a\u8822\u7684\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u6e90\u4e8e\u6027\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u96cc\u6027\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u9650\u5236\u7684\u6027\u522b\uff0c\u5bf9\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u6295\u5165\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u5973\u6027\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u4f34\u4fa3\uff0c\u7537\u6027\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e14\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u7684\u5973\u6027\uff08\u751f\u80b2\u529b\u7684\u4ee3\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5728\u4ea4\u914d\u7b56\u7565\u4e0a\uff0c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e00\u592b\u4e00\u59bb\u5236<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u597d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u6f5c\u529b\u6700\u5927\uff0c\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u629a\u517b\u540e\u4ee3\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u66b4\u529b\u503e\u5411\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u8282\u80b2\u624b\u6bb5\u867d\u7136\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5973\u6027\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u5979\u4eec\u5728\u957f\u671f\u627f\u8bfa\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8c08\u5224\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u4f4e\u5229\u5bb3\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u914d\u5bf9\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">8<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e3a\u4eba\u7236\u6bcd\u4e0e\u4eb2\u5b50\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u5c06 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7231<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u81ea\u5df1\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4eba\u6216\u4e8b\u3002\u6bcd\u7231\u662f\u7231\u7684\u6700\u53e4\u8001\u3001\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u5a74\u513f\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u665a\u6210\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">altriciality<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u65e0\u52a9\u6027\uff09\u4f7f\u5f97\u7236\u6bcd\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9b\u957f\u671f\u5173\u6000\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u64ad\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4eba\u7c7b\u901a\u8fc7 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6709\u540e\u4ee3<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u8fd1\u4f3c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u6c38\u751f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e0d\u673d\u3002<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u957f\u8005\u7684\u667a\u6167<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5982\u66f4\u5e74\u671f\u540e\u7956\u6bcd\u5bf9\u5b50\u5b59\u7684\u7167\u987e\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u5316\u4f20\u627f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u667a\u6167\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u9002\u5e94\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3002\u62d2\u7edd\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u79cd\u53e4\u8001\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u60b2\u4f24<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u72ec\u7acb\u8fdb\u5316\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4fdd\u62a4\u5b69\u5b50\uff0c\u963b\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eec\u611f\u53d7\u60b2\u4f24\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f24\u5bb3\u611f\u5230\u56f0\u60d1\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">9<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u7ae5\u5e74<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae5\u5e74\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u957f\u3001\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u6700\u5f3a\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u6210\u4e3a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5173\u952e\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8868\u578b\u53ef\u5851\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">phenotypic plasticity<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u5bf9\u73af\u5883\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u5e94\u5141\u8bb8\u5b69\u5b50\u53bb <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u5192\u9669<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u7ecf\u5386 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53ef\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u98ce\u9669<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53d8\u5f97 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53cd\u8106\u5f31<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">antifragile<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff09\u3002\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4fdd\u62a4\u4f1a\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u6709\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u8eab\u4f53\u4f46\u5fc3\u667a\u4ecd\u7136\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\uff1a<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba9\u65e0\u751f\u547d\u7269\u4f53\u7167\u770b\u4f60\u7684\u5b69\u5b50<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u753b\u89d2\u8272\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u8868\u60c5\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f20\u9012\u4e86<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4e16\u754c\u5bf9\u60c5\u7eea\u4e0d\u654f\u611f<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u963b\u788d\u5b69\u5b50\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u5b64\u72ec\u75c7\u7b49\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u6709\u5173\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\uff08\u5982\u6cbb\u7597\u591a\u52a8\u75c7\u7684\u836f\u7269\uff09\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c48\u4ece\u4e8e\u5b66\u6821\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">10<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b66\u6821<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b66\u6821\u5728\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u5316\u53f2\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u5b66\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6559\u6388\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u827a\u672f\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u521b\u9020\u529b\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f46\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5b83\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u80b2\u513f <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5546\u54c1\u5316<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5916\u5305\u7684\u80b2\u513f\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u7387\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u6613\u4e8e\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u6050\u60e7\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u6559\u5b66\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u4f1a\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u65e0\u6cd5\u81ea\u884c\u8c03\u8282\u3001\u4e0d\u5584\u4e8e\u601d\u8003\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba9\u5b66\u751f\u8d70\u51fa\u8bfe\u5802\u3001\u6df1\u5165\u91ce\u5916\uff0c\u6559\u6388\u4ed6\u4eec <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5de5\u5177\u6bd4\u4e8b\u5b9e\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u7684\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u5b66\u4f1a\u4ece <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u6027\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u51fa\u53d1\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u52c7\u6c14\u3001\u597d\u5947\u5fc3\u548c\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b66\u751f\u5b9e\u73b0 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u667a\u8bc6\u4e0a\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">11<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u6210\u5e74\u793c\uff08\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\u4e0e\u6210\u7ee9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4eea\u5f0f\uff09\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u81ea\u6211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff0c\u8fd0\u7528\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u6539\u53d8\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff09\u6765\u68c0\u9a8c\u54ea\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u8fd8\u6279\u5224\u4e86 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u540e\u73b0\u4ee3\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u53ca\u5176<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6240\u6709\u73b0\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u6784<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u89c2\u70b9\u6e90\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5728 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u4e2d\u884c\u52a8\u548c\u4f53\u9a8c\u540e\u679c\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c<\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u8ffd\u6c42\u7269\u7406\u73b0\u5b9e<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5982\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u4eb2\u8fd1\u81ea\u7136\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u6821\u51c6\u5bf9\u81ea\u8eab\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba9\u4eba\u7c7b\u4fdd\u6301 <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u53cd\u8106\u5f31\u6027<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7b2c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">12<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u7ae0\uff1a\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><span><\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u672c\u7ae0\u6df1\u5165\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u6587\u5316<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u6027\u4fe1\u5ff5\u548c\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9690\u55bb\u4e0a\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6ee1\u6708\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee4\u4f5c\u7269\u8301\u58ee\u6210\u957f\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u9645\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4f7f\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u79cd\u690d\u548c\u6536\u83b7\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e94\u5bf9\u63a0\u98df\u8005\u3002\u795e\u8bdd\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u4e5f\u662f\u7956\u5148\u667a\u6167\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<li class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t\t<b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u610f\u8bc6<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\"> \u662f\u521b\u65b0\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5f53\u6587\u5316\u667a\u6167\u4e0d\u518d\u9002\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u8bc6\u5fc5\u987b\u4ecb\u5165\u5e76\u5bfb\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/span><span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u4f5c\u8005\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u610f\u8bc6\u5730\u6210\u4e3a <\/span><b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u963f\u5e0c\u9634\u6027\u8005<\/span><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\u201d<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-size:18px;\">\uff08\u5373\u4e0d\u4e3a\u8fce\u5408\u5927\u4f17\u800c\u5c48\u4ece\u4e8e\u660e\u663e\u9519\u8bef\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u77ac\u606f\u4e07\u53d8\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3<\/span><span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n\t<span style=\"font-size:18px;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>21\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba &nbsp; \u300a21\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fdb\u5316\u8bba\u300b\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5316\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5e0c\u745f\u00b7\u6d77\u82f1\uff08He 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