{"id":1132,"date":"2025-10-14T20:53:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T12:53:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1132"},"modified":"2025-10-14T20:53:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T12:53:08","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e4%b8%8e%e7%a4%be%e5%8c%ba%e3%80%8b-education-and-the-community","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1132","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u300b Education and the Community"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e66<\/span>0078<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u300a<\/strong><\/u><\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a<\/u><\/span><\/strong>\u300b<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tEducation
\nand the Community<\/strong><\/u><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u7ea6\u7ff0<\/span>\u00b7L\u00b7<\/span>\u54c8\u8fea\u64b0\u5199\u3001\u4e8e <\/span>1947 <\/span><\/strong>\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u7248<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u9898\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u300a<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a<\/span><\/strong>\u300b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86 <\/span>1944 <\/span><\/strong>\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u6848<\/span><\/strong>\u6240\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u9769\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8be6\u5c3d\u5730\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5212\u5206\u7684<\/span>\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u9636\u6bb5<\/span><\/strong>\uff1a\u5373<\/span>\u521d\u7ea7\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u4e2d\u7ea7\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span>\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u5b66\u7ae5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9002\u5408\u5176<\/span>\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5929\u8d4b<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u514d\u8d39\u4e2d\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684<\/span>\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5e76\u91cd\u70b9\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86<\/span>\u666e\u53ca\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u53bf\u7acb\u5b66\u9662<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u8bbe\u7acb\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u6559\u5e08\u62db\u8058<\/span><\/strong>\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63a8\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u5316\u3001\u6c11\u4e3b\u5316\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5bfc\u8a00<\/span> (Introductory Note)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u5f00\u5b97\u660e\u4e49\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba<\/span>1944<\/span>\u5e74\u300a\u82f1\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u6240\u4fc3\u6210\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5e76\u7740\u91cd\u9610\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u9700\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5411\u8bfb\u8005\u63a8\u8350\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff08<\/span>Ministry of Education<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff08\u5982\u300a\u56fd\u6c11\u5b66\u6821\u300b\u3001\u300a\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u548c\u5a01\u5c14\u58eb\u6559\u80b2\u5236\u5ea6\u6307\u5357\u300b\u3001\u300a\u9752\u5e74\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u300b\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u8fd8\u63d0\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bfa\u4f0d\u5fb7\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08<\/span>Norwood Committee<\/span>\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u4e2d\u5b66\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3001\u5f17\u83b1\u660e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08<\/span>Fleming
\nCommittee<\/span>\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u516c\u5b66\u5728\u603b\u4f53\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ea6\u514b\u5948\u5c14\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08<\/span>McNair Committee<\/span>\uff09\u5173\u4e8e\u6559\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u548c\u62db\u52df\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a<\/span> (Education and the Community)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u662f\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u793e\u533a\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n\t\t\u884c\u653f\u5408\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6559\u80b2\u5728\u884c\u653f\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\u673a\u6784\uff08\u73b0\u7531\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u4ee3\u8868\uff09\u4e0e\u5404\u5730\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5f53\u5c40\uff08\u73b0\u6709<\/span>145<\/span>\u4e2a\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5730\u65b9\u5f53\u5c40\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u6240\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6559\u80b2\u9996\u5148\u662f\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  2. \n\t\t\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u5b66\u6821\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5bb6\u5ead\u662f\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u8109\u640f\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u5bb6\u5ead\u5fc5\u987b\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u867d\u7136\u76ee\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u4eb2\u5e08\u534f\u4f1a\u3001\u5f00\u653e\u65e5\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u5408\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u9891\u7e41\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6210\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u6c11\u4f17\u7684\u771f\u6b63<\/span>\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  3. \n\t\t\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u5b66\u6821\u6216\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u4ec5\u5360\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u4eff\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff08\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u6559\u80b2\uff09\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u3002\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4f1a\u5851\u9020\u4e2a\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u5e7f\u64ad\u3001\u7535\u5f71\uff09\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u793e\u533a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c<\/span>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f\u6559\u5e08\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u8005<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  4. \n\t\t\u5b66\u6821\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5fae\u89c2\u793e\u533a\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u5b66\u6821\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u7f29\u5f71\uff08\u5fae\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\uff09\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u5458\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u96c6\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6c1b\u56f4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u76db\u884c\u7684\u539f\u5219\u662f<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u670d\u52a1\u9ad8\u4e8e\u81ea\u6211<\/span><\/b>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Service above self<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u56e0\u6b64\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u5386\u53f2\u56de\u987e\u9610\u660e\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3002\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u4e3a\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u5c42\u3001\u795e\u804c\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u9700\u6c42\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86\u516c\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u57f9\u517b\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u548c\u52c7\u6c14\uff09\u3001\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u6821\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u77e5\u8bc6\u578b\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u6559\u80b2\uff09
    \n\u548c\u5c0f\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u8d77\u6e90\u4e8e\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u5b58\u5728<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6148\u5584<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u6c61\u540d\uff09 \u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d<\/span>\u804c\u4e1a\u6027\u4e0e\u6587\u5316\u6027\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6027\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb<\/span><\/b>\uff1b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6559\u80b2\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u300a<\/span>1944<\/span>\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5df2\u4ece\u57f9\u517b\u6709\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6c11\u4f17\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u57f9\u517b\u516c\u6c11<\/span>\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u80fd\u591f\u667a\u80fd\u884c\u4f7f\u6295\u7968\u6743\u3001\u5bcc\u6709\u6b63\u76f4\u54c1\u683c\u5e76\u62e5\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u65b0\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u5ff5\u5f3a\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\u5b66\u751f\u7684<\/span>\u5168\u90e8\u4e2a\u6027<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u667a\u529b\u3001\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\uff08<\/span>\u4e2a\u4eba\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u804c\u4e1a<\/span><\/b>\uff09\u548c\u4e09\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff08<\/span>\u673a\u4f1a\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u591a\u6837\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6301\u7eed\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span><\/b>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u4e3b\u8981\u6539\u9769\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u8bbe\u7acb\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff1b\u5c06\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u5e74\u9f84\u63d0\u9ad8\u5230<\/span>15<\/span>\u5c81\uff08\u5c06\u6765\u662f<\/span>16<\/span>\u5c81\uff09\uff1b\u6269\u5927\u6258\u513f\u6240\u548c\u6258\u513f\u73ed\u7684\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff1b\u5efa\u7acb<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u90e1\u7acb\u5b66\u9662<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>County
    \nColleges<\/span>\uff09\u4e3a\u79bb\u6821\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u63d0\u4f9b\u81f3<\/span>18<\/span>\u5c81\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u975e\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u6559\u80b2\uff1b\u6269\u5927\u804c\u4e1a\u3001\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4f11\u95f2\u6559\u80b2\u8bbe\u65bd\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u9996\u6b21\u89c4\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u513f\u7ae5\u90fd\u5e94\u63a5\u53d7<\/span>\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6e10\u8fdb\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a<\/span>\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u548c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5<\/span> \u2014 <\/span>\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (The First Stage \u2014
    \nPrimary Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ece\u4e24\u5c81\u5230\u5341\u4e00\u5c81\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u6bb5\u3002\u5176\u4f20\u7edf\u804c\u80fd\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u3001\u5199\u3001\u7b97\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u6280\u80fd\u7684\u5f7b\u5e95\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u786e\u4fdd\u513f\u7ae5\u62e5\u6709<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u66f4\u5feb\u4e50\u7684\u7ae5\u5e74<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u5b66\u6821\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u6258\u513f\u6240\uff08<\/span>2-5<\/span>\u5c81\uff09\u3001\u5e7c\u513f\u5b66\u6821\uff08<\/span>5-7<\/span>\u5c81\uff09\u548c\u521d\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\uff08<\/span>7-11<\/span>\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n\t\t\u6258\u513f\u6240<\/span> (Nursery School)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u300a<\/span>1944<\/span>\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u9996\u6b21\u660e\u786e\u5c06\u5176\u5217\u4e3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u6258\u513f\u6240\u5e76\u975e\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5ef6\u4f38\u3002\u5b83\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u513f\u7ae5\u90fd\u6709\u76ca\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u540c\u4f34\u966a\u4f34\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027<\/span>\/<\/span>\u60f3\u8c61\u6027\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u5e7c\u513f\u5b66\u6821<\/span> (Infant School)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u59cb\u4e8e<\/span>5<\/span>\u5c81\uff0c\u5728\u5e7c\u513f\u5b66\u6821\u901a\u5e38\u6301\u7eed\u4e24\u5e74\u3002\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u81ea\u53d1\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u53ca\u60f3\u8c61\u6027\u6e38\u620f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u5728\u4e8e\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u5b69\u5b50\u6210\u4e3a\u5408\u4f5c\u6027\u7684\u793e\u533a\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u521d\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821<\/span> (Junior School)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56db\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e74\u9f84\u8303\u56f4\u7ea6\u5728<\/span>7<\/span>\u81f3<\/span>11<\/span>\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002\u521d\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\uff08\u5b8c\u5584\u5de5\u5177\u5b66\u79d1\u548c\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u505a\u51c6\u5907\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5f03\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u505a\u6700\u597d\u7684\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ed6\u4eec\u773c\u524d\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002\u521d\u7ea7\u5b66\u6821\u957f\u671f\u4ee5\u6765\u53d7\u5230\u54c8\u591a\u91cd\u7ec4\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5ffd\u89c6\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u7279\u6b8a\u5165\u5b66\u8003\u8bd5<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8003\u8bd5\u53d6\u6d88\u540e\uff0c\u5b66\u6821\u80fd\u591f\u6446\u8131<\/span> rigid <\/span>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span>\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5b66\u6821\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5e94\u56f4\u7ed5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6765\u89c4\u5212\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n\t\u8f6c\u5b66\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u300a<\/span>1944<\/span>\u5e74\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u786e\u8ba4\u4e86<\/span>11<\/span>\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ece\u5c0f\u5b66\u8f6c\u5165\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u505a\u6cd5\u3002\u8f6c\u5b66\u5e74\u9f84\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u975e\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u8f6c\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5\u513f\u7ae5\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u65f6\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u8003\u8bd5\u90fd\u4e0d\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u6700\u4f73\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u529b<\/span>\/<\/span>\u6210\u5c31\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7d2f\u79ef\u8bb0\u5f55\u5361\u3001\u6559\u5e08\u8bc4\u4f30\u4ee5\u53ca\u8003\u8651\u7236\u6bcd\uff08\u548c\u5b66\u751f\uff09\u7684\u610f\u613f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5<\/span> \u2014 <\/span>\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (The Second Stage \u2014
      \nSecondary Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u8fd9\u662f\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6539\u9769\u4e4b\u4e00\uff1a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u7cfb\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u514d\u8d39\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5ef6\u957f\u5230<\/span>15<\/span>\u5c81\uff08\u4ee5\u540e\u662f<\/span>16<\/span>\u5c81\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\u3001<\/span>\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5929\u8d4b<\/span><\/b>\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4f53\u7cfb\u6784\u6210\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u5728\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5b66\u6821\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u9700\u6c42\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \n\t\t\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u6821<\/span> (Grammar Schools)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u6709<\/span>\u5b66\u672f\u503e\u5411<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u64c5\u957f\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u666e\u901a\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u8bc1\u4e66\u8003\u8bd5\uff08<\/span>General and Special Certificate Examinations<\/span>\uff09\u6765\u8bc4\u5224\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      2. \n\t\t\u6280\u672f\u9ad8\u4e2d<\/span> (Technical High Schools)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u9488\u5bf9\u5177\u6709<\/span>\u673a\u68b0\u503e\u5411<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u5e94\u7528\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u52a8\u624b\u80fd\u529b\u5f3a\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u8be5\u6821\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee5<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u79d1\u5b66\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u548c\u7075\u611f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u901a\u8bc6\u6559\u80b2\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u4f9b\u7ed9\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u91cf\u6269\u5927\u8fd1\u516b\u500d\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      3. \n\t\t\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u6821<\/span> (Modern Schools)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e24\u7c7b\u7684<\/span>\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b66\u751f<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u4f30\u8ba1\u5360<\/span>70%<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a<\/span>\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5178\u578b\u5b66\u6821<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u901a\u8bc6\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u57f9\u517b\u516c\u6c11\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u6bcd\u8bed\u548c\u82f1\u56fd\u79d1\u76ee\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u793e\u56e2\u6d3b\u52a8\u548c\u4eba\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u3001\u5b9e\u7528\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u827a\u672f\u548c\u5de5\u827a\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cbe\u795e\u57f9\u517b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        \n\t\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6240\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b\u5b66\u6821\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4eab\u6709<\/span>\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>parity of esteem<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5177\u5907\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u5e08\u8d44\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c0a\u91cd\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u793e\u533a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6587\u6cd5\u5b66\u6821\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u7528\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u9ad8\u7b49<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u5b66\u672f\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u88ab\u5f55\u53d6\u3002\u65b0\u6cd5\u6848\u901a\u8fc7\u63d0\u4f9b\u6280\u672f\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5<\/span> \u2014 <\/span>\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (The Third Stage \u2014 Further
        \nEducation)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e49\u52a1\u6559\u80b2\u5e74\u9f84\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u975e\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u548c\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f11\u95f2\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6587\u5316\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u5a31\u4e50\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u8eab\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u804c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5206\u6563\u4e14\u4e0d\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u3002\u804c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u665a\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e14\u662f\u81ea\u613f\u7684\uff0c\u4e0e\u6b27\u6d32\u5927\u9646\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u76f8\u6bd4\u5dee\u8ddd\u5f88\u5927\u3002\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u96c7\u4e3b\u63a8\u884c\u653e\u884c\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u8ba9\u5de5\u4eba\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u975e\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u6216<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4e09\u660e\u6cbb\u5f0f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u4e07\u5e74\u8f7b\u7537\u5973\u4f9d\u8d56\u665a\u95f4\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u6210\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u6b63\u5f0f\uff09\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u7531\u5730\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5f53\u5c40\u3001\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u6821\u5916\u7ec4\u7ec7\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e09\u5e74\u5236\u8f85\u5bfc\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff09\u548c\u5de5\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u534f\u4f1a\uff08<\/span>WEA<\/span>\uff09\u7b49\u5fd7\u613f\u56e2\u4f53\u63d0\u4f9b\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u8f85\u5bfc\u5458\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u53d7\u5230\u573a\u5730\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6821\u820d\u6216\u5e9f\u5f03\u7684\u4ff1\u4e50\u90e8\u3002\u5efa\u7acb<\/span>\u4f4f\u5bbf\u5b66\u9662<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u5982\u725b\u6d25\u7684\u62c9\u65af\u91d1\u5b66\u9662\uff09\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e25\u8083\u5b66\u4e60\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u5730\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5f53\u5c40\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u7acb<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff0c\u4f9b\u90bb\u91cc\u5c45\u6c11\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u3001\u5a31\u4e50\u548c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u6218\u65f6\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e0e\u65f6\u4e8b\u5c40\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u6218\u4e89\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u6b66\u88c5\u90e8\u961f\u5f00\u5c55\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u4eba\u6559\u80b2\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9646\u519b\u65f6\u4e8b\u5c40\uff08<\/span>ABCA<\/span>\uff09\u63a8\u5e7f\u7684<\/span>\u8ba8\u8bba\u5c0f\u7ec4<\/span><\/b>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u8054\u5408\u738b\u56fd\u53d7\u6258\u4eba\u8ba1\u5212\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u65f6\u4e8b\u5c40<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u4ee5\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5230\u5168\u4f53\u5e73\u6c11\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u53d1\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u3001\u56fe\u8868\u3001\u89c6\u89c9\u8f85\u52a9\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e7f\u64ad\u6765\u5524\u8d77\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4f4f\u623f\u3001\u5c31\u4e1a\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u9669\u7b49\u5f53\u524d\u793e\u4f1a\u653f\u6cbb\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u90e1\u7acb\u5b66\u9662<\/span> (County Colleges)<\/span>\uff1a<\/span><\/b> \u8fd9\u662f\u672c\u9636\u6bb5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6539\u9769\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u79bb\u6821\u8fdb\u5165\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u63d0\u4f9b<\/span>\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u975e\u5168\u65e5\u5236\u65e5\u95f4\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5929\uff0c\u76f4\u5230<\/span>18<\/span>\u5c81\u3002\u90e1\u7acb\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u57f9\u517b<\/span>\u597d\u516c\u6c11<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u804c\u4e1a\u57f9\u8bad\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5e73\u8861\u804c\u4e1a\u6027\u548c\u975e\u804c\u4e1a\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f53\u80b2\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08\u6280\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u548c\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff08\u4eba\u7c7b\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u8fbe\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b66\u751f\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u9009\u4fee\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u6559\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5b66\u6821\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9700\u4ece\u5b66\u751f\u4f5c\u4e3a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6323\u94b1\u8005\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u8005<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u51fa\u53d1\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u793e\u533a\u4e0e\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (The Community and Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u65e8\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03\u793e\u533a\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u6cd5\u300b\u6240\u4fc3\u6210\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u793e\u533a\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5730\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5f53\u5c40\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u53d1\u5c55\u8ba1\u5212<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5177\u6709<\/span>\u5927\u80c6\u548c\u5bcc\u6709\u60f3\u8c61\u529b<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u6784\u60f3\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002\u5b66\u6821\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0e\u4f4f\u623f\u5efa\u8bbe\u540c\u7b49\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5e94\u4eab\u6709\u540c\u7b49\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u6743\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u5efa\u9020\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u5e08\u8d44\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u6539\u9769\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6559\u5e08\u7684\u62db\u52df\u548c\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3002\u6559\u5e08\u5e94\u4ece\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u9886\u57df\u62db\u52df\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u793e\u533a\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3002\u6b63\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u7d27\u6025\u62db\u52df\u8ba1\u5212<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u5438\u7eb3\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7ecf\u9a8c\u7684\u9000\u5f79\u519b\u4eba\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u9009\u62d4\u548c\u57f9\u8bad\u673a\u5236\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u8db3\u548c\u8fdf\u7f13\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4eba\u53e3\u8d8b\u52bf<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u9274\u4e8e\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u53e3\u51fa\u751f\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u513f\u7ae5\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5174\u8da3\u5c24\u4e3a\u7d27\u8feb\u3002\u513f\u7ae5\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u6d3b\u8d44\u672c\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u6700\u660e\u667a\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u513f\u7ae5\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4ecd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5bb6\u5ead\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u9650\u5236\u5bb6\u5ead\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u4ece\u957f\u8fdc\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u793e\u533a\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u90fd\u662f\u707e\u96be\u6027\u7684\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u6d4e\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u516c\u4f17\u8206\u8bba\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u884c\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u4e5f\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6216\u518d\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u63a8\u8350\u4e66\u76ee<\/span> (Selected Book List)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u672c\u4e66\u6700\u540e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u63a8\u8350\u4e66\u76ee\uff0c\u5206\u7c7b\u5305\u62ec\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7684\u5c0f\u518c\u5b50\u548c\u767d\u76ae\u4e66\uff1b\u8fd1\u671f\u91cd\u8981\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u8bfa\u4f0d\u5fb7\u3001\u9ea6\u514b\u5948\u5c14\u3001\u5f17\u83b1\u660e\uff09\uff1b\u6218\u524d\u54a8\u8be2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u62a5\u544a\uff08\u54c8\u591a\u3001\u65af\u5f6d\u65af\uff09\uff1b<\/span>H. C. Dent <\/span>\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff1b\u5173\u4e8e\u5e7c\u513f\u3001\u521d\u7b49\u548c\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u672c\uff1b\u5173\u4e8e\u7ee7\u7eed\u6559\u80b2\uff08\u5982\u674e\u6587\u65af\u901a\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u672a\u6765\u300b\uff09\u548c\u793e\u533a\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\uff1b\u6559\u80b2\u53f2\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u7406\u8bba\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\uff08\u5982\u52aa\u6069\u7235\u58eb\u7684\u300a\u6559\u80b2\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u539f\u5219\u300b\u548c\u6000\u7279\u6d77\u7684\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u300b\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a8\u8350\u4e66\u76ee\u672c\u8eab\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u4f5c\u8005\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6559\u80b2\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u9886\u57df\u6240\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4e14\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6587\u732e\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t