{"id":1123,"date":"2025-10-14T18:16:16","date_gmt":"2025-10-14T10:16:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1123"},"modified":"2025-10-14T18:16:16","modified_gmt":"2025-10-14T10:16:16","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e4%b8%8e%e6%ae%96%e6%b0%91%e5%9c%b0%e5%8f%91%e5%b1%95%e3%80%8b-education-and-colonial-deveiopment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/muma.my\/?p=1123","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u300b Education and Colonial DeveIopment"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\t\u4e25\u5143\u7ae0\u85cf\u4e66<\/span>0075<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u300a<\/strong><\/u><\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53d1\u5c55<\/u><\/span><\/strong>\u300b<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tEducation
\nand Colonial DeveIopment<\/strong><\/u><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n<\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tBasil A. Fletcher 1934 <\/span>\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u300a<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/strong>\u300b\uff0c\u8be5\u4e66\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/span><\/strong>\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e<\/span>\u79cd\u65cf\u548c\u6587\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u5206\u6790\u4e86<\/span>\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u5316<\/span><\/strong>\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u7684<\/span>\u78b0\u649e\u4e0e\u878d\u5408<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u4e86<\/span>\u571f\u8033\u5176\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u3001\u722a\u54c7\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3<\/span><\/strong>\u7b49\u5730\u7684\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/span> Fletcher <\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86<\/span>\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u5728\u4e8e<\/span>\u4fc3\u8fdb\u672c\u571f\u6587\u5316\u7684\u590d\u5174<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u79cd\u878d\u5408\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb<\/span><\/strong>\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\u672c\u571f\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb<\/span><\/strong>\u548c<\/span>\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u4e66\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/strong>\u3001<\/span>\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u9886\u8896\u57f9\u517b<\/span><\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<\/span>\u9879\u76ee\u6559\u5b66\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5e76\u9644\u6709\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684<\/span>\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u76ee<\/span><\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u672c\u4e66\u7531\u5df4\u5179\u5c14<\/span>\u00b7A\u00b7<\/span>\u5f17\u83b1\u5f7b\uff08<\/span>BASIL A. FLETCHER, M.A., B.Sc.<\/span>\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u5251\u6865\u5927\u5b66\u9521\u5fb7\u5c3c<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u82cf\u585e\u514b\u65af\u5b66\u9662\u666e\u901a\u7814\u7a76\u5458\uff0c\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8fbe\u5c14\u8c6a\u897f\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u6559\u6388\uff09\u64b0\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e<\/span>1934<\/span>\u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u57fa\u91d1\u7684\u6177\u6168\u8d44\u52a9\u3002\u5168\u4e66\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u79cd\u65cf<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>RACE<\/span>\uff09\u3001<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>PATTERN<\/span>\uff09\u548c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u6559\u80b2<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>EDUCATION<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u65b9\u65b9\u9762\u9762\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e1c\u65b9\u6216\u539f\u59cb\u6c11\u65cf\u9002\u5e94\u897f\u65b9\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u751f\u6d3b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u65b0\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u79cd\u65cf<\/span> (RACE)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u4e0e\u8303\u56f4<\/span> (Origin and Scope of Study)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u652f\u914d\u7740\u51b3\u5b9a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u529b\u91cf\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u6700\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u638c\u63a7\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u5927\u80c6\u4e3e\u63aa\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u65e8\u5728\u56de\u987e\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f53\u524d\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u5c40\u52bf\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5ba1\u89c6\u5f53\u4ee3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u7d22\u5b9e\u73b0\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6218\u5728\u4e8e\u5e2e\u52a9\u539f\u59cb\u6216\u4e1c\u65b9\u6c11\u65cf\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u504f\u8fdc\u5730\u533a\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u5de5\u4e1a\u751f\u6d3b\u505a\u51fa\u4ee4\u4eba\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u6539\u9769\uff08\u5982\u7528\u6b27\u6d32\u5b57\u6bcd\u53d6\u4ee3\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5b57\u6bcd\u3001\u7528\u745e\u58eb\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d6\u4ee3\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/span>\u80a4\u6d45\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u79fb<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7cbe\u795e\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u7acb\u6cd5\u7684\u8bef\u89e3\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u5316\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u6392\u6324\uff0c\u53ea\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86<\/span>\u80a4\u6d45\u7684\u7406\u6027\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7cbe\u9ad3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u7cbe\u795e\u672c\u8d28\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff08\u897f\u65b9\u662f<\/span>\u52a8\u6001\u6d3b\u52a8<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4e1c\u65b9\u662f<\/span>\u88ab\u52a8\u800c\u5bcc\u6709\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7684\u6c89\u601d<\/span><\/b>\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u51b2\u51fb\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n\t\t\u7518\u5730\u7684\u963f\u4ec0\u62c9\u59c6<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u5bf9\u897f\u65b9\u4e00\u5207\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u538c\u6076\uff08<\/span>\u590d\u53e4\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u5f52\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u5370\u5ea6\u4e61\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u4f7f\u4e2d\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e61\u6751\u7ec4\u7ec7\u89e3\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
  2. \n\t\t\u6cf0\u6208\u5c14\u7684\u5723\u8482\u5c3c\u514b\u5766\u5927\u5b66<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316<\/span>\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u50ac\u751f\u4e86<\/span>\u4e1c\u65b9\u590d\u5174<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5728\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8054\u8c0a\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u4f1a\u9762<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u9521\u5170\uff08<\/span>Ceylon<\/span>\uff09\u3001\u722a\u54c7\uff08<\/span>Java<\/span>\uff09\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3\uff08<\/span>Indo-China<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5c3d\u7ba1\u521d\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u8fe5\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u5f62\u5f0f\u60ca\u4eba\u5730\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u671d\u7740<\/span>\u8d8b\u540c\u6f14\u5316<\/span><\/b>\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u521d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u4ee5\u6b27\u6d32\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3a\u5a92\u4ecb\u7684\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u7403\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e00\u4f53\u5316\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\u4f7f\u539f\u6750\u6599\u5f97\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5f3a\u6743\u5e94\u4ee5<\/span>\u6258\u7ba1\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/b>\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u804c\u80fd\u5e94\u4e3b\u8981\u8f6c\u5411<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\uff08<\/span>1923<\/span>\u5e74\uff09\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u76df\u76df\u7ea6\uff08\u7b2c<\/span>22<\/span>\u6761\uff09\u90fd\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5bf9\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u6c11\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u662f<\/span>\u6587\u660e\u7684\u795e\u5723\u4fe1\u6258<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u53d1\u5c55\u7ef4\u6301\u6587\u660e\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u72ec\u7acb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u79cd\u65cf<\/span> (Education and Race)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u79cd\u65cf\u6027\u683c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u4e2d\u4ecb\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u80fd<\/span>\u5ac1\u63a5\u5230\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e0a<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53d1\u5c55\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u76ae\u7279<\/span>–<\/span>\u91cc\u5f17\u65af\uff08<\/span>Pitt-Rivers<\/span>\uff09\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u51b3\u5b9a\u6587\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e09\u8981\u7d20\uff1a\uff08<\/span>i<\/span>\uff09\u6587\u5316\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1b\uff08<\/span>ii<\/span>\uff09\u6587\u5316\u8f85\u52a9\u7269\uff1b\uff08<\/span>iii<\/span>\uff09\u6587\u5316\u6f5c\u529b\u3002\u9a6c\u6797\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u57fa\uff08<\/span>Malinowski<\/span>\uff09\u5f15\u5165\u4e86<\/span>\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Pattern<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4e60\u4fd7\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u548c\u4fe1\u4ef0\u90fd\u5c65\u884c\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u662f<\/span>\u6709\u673a\u6574\u4f53\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u9ea6\u514b\u675c\u683c\u5c14\uff08<\/span>McDougall<\/span>\uff09\u8ba4\u4e3a\u79cd\u65cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684<\/span>\u5148\u5929\u7cbe\u795e\u5dee\u5f02<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5dee\u5f02\u4ee3\u4ee3\u76f8\u4f20\u3002\u73af\u5883\u6700\u7ec8\u6210\u4e3a\u79cd\u65cf\u503e\u5411\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u968f\u540e\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5982\u4f55\u53cd\u6620\u5176\u79cd\u65cf\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n\t\t\u82f1\u56fd<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4ee5<\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u5b66\u6821\u95f4\u7684<\/span>\u4e2a\u6027\u5316<\/span><\/b>\u548c<\/span>\u591a\u6837\u6027<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u957f\u5236\u548c\u5b66\u9662\u5236\u4f53\u73b0\u6743\u529b\u4e0b\u653e\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u6cd5\u56fd<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4ee5<\/span>\u4fdd\u5b88\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u6027<\/span><\/b>\u548c<\/span>\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6743\u529b\u6307\u5bfc<\/span><\/b>\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a<\/span>\u96c6\u4e2d\u5316<\/span><\/b>\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8bfe\u7a0b\u7ecf\u5178\u4fdd\u5b88\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03<\/span>\u903b\u8f91\u5f62\u5f0f<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5e08\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4eba\u60c5\u5473\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
    • \n\t\t\u4e2d\u56fd<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u6a21\u4eff\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u5b66\u5206\u5236\u3001\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6cd5\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u672c\u571f\u7279\u6027\u6b63\u5728\u900f\u8fc7\u8868\u5c42\u663e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6821\u957f\u62e5\u6709<\/span>\u5bb6\u957f\u5f0f\u6743\u5a01<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u7eaa\u5f8b\u677e\u6563\uff08\u7ecf\u5e38\u53d1\u751f<\/span>\u5b66\u6f6e<\/span><\/b>\uff09\uff0c<\/span>\u6587\u5b66\u4f20\u7edf<\/span><\/b>\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u5de5\u7a0b\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u4e66\u7c4d\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u66f4\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \n\t\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff0c\u4e0e\u79cd\u65cf\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u5916\u56fd\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u53ea\u4f1a\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u4e00\u5c0f\u90e8\u5206<\/span>\u5931\u53bb\u6c11\u65cf\u8ba4\u540c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u5347\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6587\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1a\u79cd\u65cf\u56e0\u7d20\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/span> (The Racial Factor applied in a
      \nParticular Case)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u4ee5\u722a\u54c7\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u52fe\u52d2\u4e86\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u722a\u54c7\u4eba\u662f<\/span>\u5948\u897f\u5965\u7279<\/span>–<\/span>\u8fbe\u7f57\u6bd7\u837c\u4eba<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Nesiot Dravidians<\/span>\uff0c\u957f\u5934\u578b\u3001\u519c\u7267\u4e1a\u8005\u3001\u548c\u5e73\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff09\u548c<\/span>\u5e15\u7f57\u4f0a\u4eba<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Pareceans<\/span>\uff0c\u5357\u8499\u53e4\u4eba\u79cd\u3001\u5bbd\u5934\u578b\u3001\u5177\u6709\u9759\u5b9a\u4e0e\u52c7\u6c14\u3001\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4e25\u683c\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff09\u7684<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6df7\u5408\u4f53<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u6bd4\u7eaf\u79cd\u65cf\u7fa4<\/span>\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u5185\u5728\u7cbe\u795e\u53d8\u5f02\u6027<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5438\u6536\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u5316\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5236\u5ea6\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u722a\u54c7\u6c11\u65cf\u7684\u6027\u683c\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u60f0\u6027\u548c\u88ab\u52a8\u6027\uff08\u6e90\u4e8e\u65e9\u671f\u5f71\u54cd\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u88ab\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u523a\u6fc0\u6240\u963b\u6b62\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u53d1\u5c55\u5e94\u4ee5<\/span>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u800c\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/b>\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u4e61\u6751\u516c\u793e\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\u4ece\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5411\u5916\u8f90\u5c04\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span><\/b>\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6743\u529b\u4e0b\u653e\u81ea\u6cbb\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff08\u53d7\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u8377\u5170\u4eba\u9752\u7750\uff09<\/span>\u4e0d\u592a\u53ef\u80fd<\/span><\/b>\u9002\u5408\u722a\u54c7\u4eba\u6c11\u88ab\u52a8\u548c\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6027\u683c\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u5bf9\u5916\u6765\u6587\u5316\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5438\u6536<\/span> (The Free Assimilation of Foreign Culture)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u672c\u7ae0\u901a\u8fc7\u722a\u54c7\u5386\u53f2\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u51b2\u7a81\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5438\u6536\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u6587\u5316<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u59cb\u4e8e\u516c\u5143<\/span>750<\/span>\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff09\u5bf9\u722a\u54c7\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u827a\u672f\u4e0a\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u662f<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6<\/span>–<\/span>\u722a\u54c7\u6587\u660e<\/span><\/b>\u827a\u672f\uff08\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u514b\u5236\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u5c3c\u897f\u4e9a\u7279\u6027\u5f3a\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\uff0c\u672c\u571f\u7279\u8272\uff08\u5982<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u54c7\u626c<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u76ae\u5f71\u620f\u98ce\u683c\uff09\u538b\u5012\u4e86\u53e4\u5178\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u4e2d\u4e0e\u79cd\u65cf\u6027\u683c\u76f8\u7b26\u6216\u5524\u9192\u65e9\u671f\u5b97\u6559\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u88ab\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u800c\u7cbe\u5999\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u5f71\u54cd\u751a\u5fae\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span><\/b>\u201c<\/span>\u4e1a<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Karma<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86\u5185\u5728\u7684\u88ab\u52a8\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e86<\/span><\/b>\u5bbf\u547d\u8bba\u548c\u8eab\u4f53\u60f0\u6027\uff1b\u800c<\/span>\u79cd\u59d3\u5236\u5ea6<\/span><\/b>\u5728\u722a\u54c7\u88ab<\/span>\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5730\u89e3\u91ca<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4ece\u672a\u6210\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u969c\u788d\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6587\u5316<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>16<\/span>\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e3b\u5bfc\uff09\u4e5f\u88ab\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6df7\u8840\u6c11\u65cf\u540c\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u4e0e\u722a\u54c7\u7684\u63a5\u89e6\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u5bbf\u547d\u8bba\u548c\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u7d27\u5bc6\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

      \n\t\u53e4\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u7f3a\u9677<\/span><\/b>\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n\t\t\u4ef7\u503c<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u73af\u5883\u606d\u656c\u6c89\u601d\u3001\u5f3a\u8c03\u6c11\u95f4\u4f20\u8bf4\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u5e08\u751f\u5173\u7cfb\u4eb2\u5bc6\u3001\u7f3a\u4e4f\u50f5\u5316\uff08\u5b66\u4e60\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u610f\u613f\uff09\u3001\u5c0a\u91cd\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u3001\u4e25\u683c\u81ea\u5f8b\u3001\u793c\u8c8c\u548c\u656c\u610f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
      • \n\t\t\u7f3a\u9677<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u975e\u666e\u53ca\u6027\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u5973\u7ae5\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff08\u53ea\u5f3a\u8c03\u88ab\u52a8\u7f8e\u5fb7\uff09\uff0c\u4f53\u529b\u52b3\u52a8\u6559\u80b2\u4ef7\u503c\u672a\u88ab\u5145\u5206\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u795e\u800c\u975e\u6539\u9020\u793e\u4f1a\uff09\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u8303\u56f4\u53d7\u9650\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \n\t\u53e4\u4ee3\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff08\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u7981\u6b32\u3001\u4eb2\u5bc6\u3001\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u76f8\u901a\uff09\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u5438\u5f15\u7740\u4e1c\u65b9\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u4e8c\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span> (PATTERN)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u539f\u751f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a<\/span> (Pattern and Stability in Native Society)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4eba\u7c7b\u5b66\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u5b66\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u7fa4\u4f53\u751f\u6d3b\u89c6\u4e3a<\/span>\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Pattern<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u9a6c\u6797\u8bfa\u592b\u65af\u57fa\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e60\u4fd7\u3001\u89c2\u5ff5\u90fd\u5c65\u884c\u7740<\/span>\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u662f<\/span>\u6709\u673a\u6574\u4f53\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u95ef\u5165\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u6bc1\u706d\u6027\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u5854\u65af\u9a6c\u5c3c\u4e9a\u548c\u5b89\u8fbe\u66fc\u7fa4\u5c9b\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u8870\u843d\u3002\u722a\u54c7\u793e\u4f1a\u5219\u56e0\u5176<\/span>\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u793e\u7fa4\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u5728\u5916\u90e8\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f<\/span>\u4fdd\u7559\u65e7\u793e\u7fa4\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7f16\u7ec7\u5230\u73b0\u4ee3\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u7eb9\u7406\u4e2d<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span>\u7fa4\u4f53\u9886\u8896<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u8ba1\u5212\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e86<\/span>\u7fa4\u4f53\u7b49\u7ea7\u5236\u5ea6<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Hierarchy of Groups<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff1a\u5927\u7fa4\u4f53\u56e0\u5b58\u5728\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684\u5b50\u7fa4\u4f53\u800c\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u533a\u5e94\u4fdd\u7559\u5176\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u6210\u4e3a\u66f4\u5927\u5408\u4f5c\u5355\u4f4d\u7684<\/span>\u7f29\u5f71<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5e94\u8be5\u878d\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbe\u7acb\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e61\u6751\u7684\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u5bf9\u81ea\u7136\u654f\u9510\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u7eb3\u5165\u519c\u4e1a\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3001\u6309\u6469\u3001\u8349\u836f\u7597\u6cd5\u7b49\u672c\u571f\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span> (The Pattern of Western Society)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u663e\u8457\u7279\u5f81\u662f<\/span>\u6d41\u52a8\u6027<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Mobility<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u548c\u5206\u6563\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3002\u5176\u52a8\u529b\u6e90\u4e8e<\/span>\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u89c2\u5ff5<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5f81\u670d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u675f\u7f1a\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c0a\u4e25\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u63a8\u5d07<\/span>\u62bd\u8c61\u6b63\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f<\/span>\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\uff08<\/span>Individualism<\/span>\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4f18\u52bf\uff08\u4ea7\u751f\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3001\u63a8\u52a8\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\uff09\u548c\u5f31\u70b9\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u79f0\u804c\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u79ef\u7d2f\uff09\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u975e<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u673a\u68b0\u3001\u65e0\u7075\u9b42<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f<\/span>\u5c06\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u4ece\u7269\u8d28\u675f\u7f1a\u4e2d\u89e3\u653e\u51fa\u6765<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u5176\u529b\u91cf\u6e90\u4e8e\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u548c\u6587\u5316\u9057\u4ea7\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u5f3a\u8c03\u7684<\/span>\u4e2a\u4f53\u4ef7\u503c<\/span><\/b>\u4e0e<\/span>\u5408\u4f5c<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u529b\u91cf\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u6765\u6e90\u662f<\/span>\u516c\u6c11\u7cbe\u795e\u3001\u5bf9\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u656c\u754f\u3001\u5bf9\u771f\u7406\u7684\u70ed\u7231\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u611f<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1a\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span> (The Pattern of Eastern Society)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7531\u65e0\u6570<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u533a<\/span><\/b>\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u4e0e\u571f\u5730\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8282\u594f\u7d27\u5bc6\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e<\/span>\u81ea\u7ed9\u81ea\u8db3<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5e26\u6765\u4e86<\/span>\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e0e\u5e73\u9759<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e1c\u65b9\u4eba\u514d\u4e8e\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002\u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f<\/span>\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u4e2a\u6027<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e86\u5916\u4ea4\u624b\u8155\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u52a9\u957f\u4e86<\/span>\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e3b\u52a8\u6027<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u5973\u6027\u5730\u4f4d<\/span><\/b>\u901a\u5e38\u8f83\u4f4e\uff0c\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u5ef6\u7eed\u7684\u9996\u8981\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5979\u4eec\u5f80\u5f80\u662f<\/span>\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5821\u5792<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u751f\u6d3b\u5728<\/span>\u53e4\u6734\u7684\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e16\u754c<\/span><\/b>\u548c<\/span>\u5145\u6ee1\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u4e16\u754c<\/span><\/b>\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa<\/span>\u4e60\u60ef\u6cd5<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u7075\u6d3b\u4e14\u9002\u5e94\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7531\u6751\u793e\u7684\u5934\u4eba\uff08\u7fa4\u4f53\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u5316\u8eab\uff09\u4e3b\u6301\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\u6765\u81ea\u4f1f\u5927\u7684\u5b97\u6559\uff08\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u3001\u4f5b\u6559\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u793e\u533a\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86<\/span>\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\u5171\u540c\u4f53<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7cbe\u795e\u529b\u91cf\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u72ed\u7a84\u9650\u5236\u4e86<\/span>\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u57f9\u517b<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/span> (The Impact of the West)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u5bf9\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u9769\u547d\u6027\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\uff0c<\/span>\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u7684\u5f15\u5165<\/span><\/b>\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u4e1c\u65b9\u793e\u533a\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7684\u4f9d\u604b\u3002\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0e\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u5316\u897f\u65b9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e76\u5b58\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd<\/span>\u7834\u574f\u548c\u89e3\u4f53<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u65e7\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u672c\u571f\u4ea7\u4e1a\u53d7\u51b2\u51fb\uff09\u4e0e<\/span>\u523a\u6fc0\u548c\u5efa\u8bbe<\/span><\/b>\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u901f\u5ea6\u6781\u5feb\u3002<\/span>\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u5230\u6765<\/span><\/b>\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u601d\u60f3\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u5229\u6da6\u548c\u8fdb\u6b65\u800c\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u91d1\u94b1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5bf9\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684<\/span>\u8054\u5408\u5bb6\u5ead\u89e3\u4f53<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u5728\u519c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5982<\/span>\u65af\u5766\u798f<\/span>\u00b7<\/span>\u83b1\u4f5b\u58eb<\/span><\/b>\u7235\u58eb\u5728\u722a\u54c7\u5f15\u5165\u7684<\/span>\u897f\u65b9\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u7ec4\u7ec7\u683c\u683c\u4e0d\u5165\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u539f\u751f\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u800c<\/span>\u8303\u767b\u535a\u4e16<\/span><\/b>\u5f15\u5165\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u8015\u79cd\u5236\u5ea6<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Cultivation
        \nSystem<\/span>\uff09\u867d\u7136\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u571f\u8457\u519c\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u4f5c\u4e3a<\/span><\/b>\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u80fd\u517b\u6d3b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5bfc\u81f4\u793e\u4f1a\u5931\u8861\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e86<\/span>\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u758f\u8fdc<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u571f\u8457\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<\/span>1925<\/span>\u5e74\u8377\u5170\u5f53\u5c40\u5728\u722a\u54c7\u6d41\u653e\u7684<\/span>900<\/span>\u540d\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u8896\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>70%<\/span>\u5c5e\u4e8e\u53d7\u8fc7\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u9636\u5c42\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u7684<\/span>\u7834\u574f\u6027\u6279\u5224<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

        \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7f3a\u9677\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. \n\t\t\u7167\u642c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        2. \n\t\t\u8bfe\u7a0b\u72ed\u9698\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u516c\u52a1\u5458\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        3. \n\t\t\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u5e76\u5b58\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u534f\u8c03\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4eba\u683c\u89e3\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        4. \n\t\t\u5ffd\u89c6\u79cd\u65cf\u6587\u5316<\/span>\/<\/span>\u62b1\u8d1f\u6216\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u793e\u4f1a<\/span>\/<\/span>\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        5. \n\t\t\u5ffd\u89c6\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        6. \n\t\t\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u8868\u8fbe\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        7. \n\t\t\u91c7\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5b66\u4e60\u6cd5\uff08\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u5230\u590d\u6742\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4ece<\/span>\u719f\u6089\u7684\u4e8b\u7269<\/span><\/b>\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
        8. \n\t\t\u672a\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u6559\u5f71\u54cd\u4f7f\u6559\u80b2\u7cbe\u795e\u5316\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \n\t\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u79ef\u6781\u9762\uff1a\u957f\u671f\u548c\u5e73\u3001\u79e9\u5e8f\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u9ad8\u5229\u8d37<\/span>\/<\/span>\u9e26\u7247\u3001\u94f6\u884c\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u516c\u5171\u536b\u751f\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u6297\u51fb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

          \n\t\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u7efc\u5408\u4e0e\u590d\u5174<\/span> (Synthesis and Renaissance)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

          \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5362\u52a0\u5fb7\u52cb\u7235\uff08<\/span>Lord Lugard<\/span>\uff09\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u79cd\u65cf\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e0a<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5404\u884c\u5176\u9053<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u7684\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c<\/span>\u5b8c\u5168\u5206\u79bb\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5370\u5ea6\u6559<\/span>–<\/span>\u722a\u54c7\u6587\u660e\u6240\u505a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\u4e1c\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u590d\u5174<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

          \n\t\u6587\u5316\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n\t\t\u6269\u5927\u793e\u4f1a\u89c6\u91ce<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u884c\u653f\u548c\u5927\u578b\u5546\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u6253\u7834\u5c0f\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
          • \n\t\t\u4e61\u6751\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u9f13\u52b1\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\uff08\u4e61\u6751\u94f6\u884c\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u3001\u5b66\u6821\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6062\u590d\u4e61\u6751\u4e0e\u571f\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
          • \n\t\t\u653f\u6cbb\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u884c\u653f\u673a\u6784\uff08\u5982\u722a\u54c7\u7684<\/span> Volksraad<\/span>\uff09\u662f\u6559\u80b2\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u6709\u529b\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e1c\u65b9\u4eba\u5fc3\u6001\uff08\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4e00\u81f4\u540c\u610f\u800c\u975e\u591a\u6570<\/span>\/<\/span>\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u5bf9\u7acb\uff09\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u6c14\u8d28\u76f8\u7b26\u7684\u6cbb\u7406\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
          • \n\t\t\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u722a\u54c7\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53d1\u5c55\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5178\u8303\u3002\u8377\u5170\u4eba\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u53d6\u4ee3\u672c\u571f\u53f8\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u672c\u571f\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u9662\u7531\u8377\u5170\u5b98\u5458\u548c\u571f\u8457\u5934\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u7ec4\u6210\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
          • \n\t\t\u8bed\u8a00\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u6c11\u65cf\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002\u5e94\u5f53\u5728\u571f\u8457\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5168\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>\u672c\u571f\u8bed\u8a00<\/span><\/b>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u5b66\u5a92\u4ecb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
          • \n\t\t\u5973\u6027\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5973\u6027\u662f\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5821\u5792\u3002\u5973\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd<\/span>\u52a0\u5f3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u751f\u6d3b<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5065\u5eb7\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \n\t\u897f\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u5728\u4e8e<\/span>\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f3a\u8c03\u667a\u529b<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u4e1c\u65b9\u6559\u80b2\u5f3a\u8c03<\/span>\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u97f5\u5f8b<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u662f<\/span>\u5bf9\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u57f9\u517b\u6279\u5224\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u793e\u4f1a\u5f0a\u75c5\u7684\u80a4\u6d45\u7597\u6cd5\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u5ba3\u4f20\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

            \n\t\u7b2c\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\uff1a\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (EDUCATION)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

            \n\t\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\uff1a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/span> (Objectives in Colonial Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

            \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6559\u80b2\u65e8\u5728\u907f\u514d\u57f9\u517b\u51fa\u6df7\u4e71\u3001\u4e0d\u6ee1\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u7f13\u6162\u5730\u5f15\u5bfc\u4eba\u6c11\u7406\u89e3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea7\u751f<\/span>\u81ea\u8c6a\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u4f20\u7edf\u3001\u8ba4\u540c\u897f\u65b9\u7406\u60f3\u3001\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u516c\u6c11\u8d23\u4efb\u611f<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

            \n\t\u516d\u5927\u76ee\u6807\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

              \n
            1. \n\t\t\u8868\u8fbe<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u7ed9\u4e88\u79cd\u65cf\u7279\u6027\u5728\u521b\u9020\u6027\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
            2. \n\t\t\u7ef4\u62a4<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e76\u4f20\u627f\u672c\u571f\u6587\u5316\u3001\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u62b1\u8d1f\uff08\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u672c\u571f\u7684\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u672c\u571f\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
            3. \n\t\t\u7406\u89e3<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5c06\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f7f\u5e74\u8f7b\u4e00\u4ee3\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u758f\u8fdc\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6559\u4f1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u8d85\u8d8a\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u62e5\u6709<\/span>\u66f4\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89c6\u91ce<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
            4. \n\t\t\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e1c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7efc\u5408\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u548c\u8c10\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76<\/span>\u6fc0\u53d1\u590d\u5174<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
            5. \n\t\t\u8d23\u4efb<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u8d4b\u4e88\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u516c\u6c11\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u516c\u6c11\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
            6. \n\t\t\u9886\u5bfc\u529b<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u57f9\u517b\u80fd\u591f\u83b7\u5f97\u4eba\u6c11\u62e5\u62a4\u5e76\u79ef\u6781\u534f\u52a9\u897f\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u7684\u672c\u571f\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \n\t\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ae0\uff1a\u5927\u4f17\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (Popular Education)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

              \n\t\u5927\u4f17\u6559\u80b2\u5e94\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u7406\u60f3\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a<\/span>\u793e\u533a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/span><\/b>\uff08\u5982\u4e61\u6751\u793c\u62dc\u5802\uff09\uff0c\u7531\u4e61\u6751\u81ea\u5df1\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

              \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86\u5404\u56fd\u4e61\u6751\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \n\t\t\u722a\u54c7<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4e61\u6751\u627f\u62c5\u5efa\u8bbe\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u4ed8\u6559\u5e08\u5de5\u8d44\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5206\u62c5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5b66\u6821\u4e0e\u4e61\u6751\u4fdd\u6301\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
              • \n\t\t\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821\u7c7b\u578b\u591a\u6837\uff08\u516c\u793e\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u5bfa\u5e99\u5b66\u6821\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u5b58\u5728\u6a21\u4eff\u521d\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u5371\u9669\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
              • \n\t\t\u9521\u5170<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u5b9e\u65bd<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u65b0\u6559\u5b66\u5927\u7eb2<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u5e94\u7528<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u680f\u5c06\u5b66\u79d1\u6559\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u6253\u7834\u5b66\u672f\u7edf\u4e00\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5e94\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u7684<\/span><\/b>\u8d77\u70b9\u800c\u975e\u7ec8\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u63a8\u8350\u91c7\u7528<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u9879\u76ee\u6cd5<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Project Method<\/span>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u4e61\u6751\u6559\u5b66\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5408\u4f5c\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u8d77\u70b9\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u4f4f\u5b85<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u3001<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u519c\u573a<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u548c<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u793e\u533a<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u4e09\u5927\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u6d89\u53ca\u5199\u4f5c\u3001\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u7b97\u672f\u3001\u536b\u751f\u3001\u5730\u7406\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u57f9\u517b\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u8d23\u4efb\u611f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                \n\t\u6559\u5e08\u57f9\u8bad\u65b9\u9762\uff0c<\/span>\u9521\u5170<\/span><\/b>\u6709\u79d1\u4f26\u5761\u6a21\u8303\u57f9\u8bad\u5b66\u9662\uff1b<\/span>\u722a\u54c7<\/span><\/b>\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5206\u7ea7\u57f9\u8bad\u8ba1\u5212\uff1b<\/span>\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3<\/span><\/b>\u5219\u4f9d\u8d56\u5047\u671f\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3001\u6559\u5b66\u671f\u520a\u548c\u6559\u6750\u7684\u7cbe\u5fc3\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u884c\u653f\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u6743\u529b\u4e0b\u653e<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4f7f\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u6c11\u6709\u6743\u63a7\u5236\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u6559\u80b2\u5927\u53a6\u4ece\u673a\u68b0\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span>\u6709\u673a<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                \n\t\u7b2c\u4e09\u7ae0\uff1a\u571f\u8457\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u6559\u80b2<\/span> (Education for Native Leadership)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

                \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u9996\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u73b0\u6709\u9886\u5bfc\u9636\u5c42\uff08\u5982\u722a\u54c7\u7684\u5934\u4eba\u548c\u6444\u653f\u738b\u5bb6\u65cf\uff09\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u9002\u5e94\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6761\u4ece\u6700\u7b80\u6734\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821\u901a\u5411\u5927\u5b66\u7684<\/span>\u6e05\u6670\u9053\u8def<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u9876\u5cf0\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                \n\t\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u6700\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6d8c\u73b0\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6b64\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span>\u6587\u5316\u7efc\u5408<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \n\t\t\u5370\u5ea6\u652f\u90a3\u7684<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u8fdc\u4e1c\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u897f\u65b9\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u7269\u7406\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u8bed\uff09\u4e0e\u4e1c\u65b9\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5730\u7406\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u827a\u672f\uff09\u4ea4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
                • \n\t\t\u65e5\u672c\u81ea\u7531\u5b66\u56ed\uff08<\/span>Juyu-Gaknen<\/span>\uff09\u5973\u5b50\u5b66\u6821<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6574\u5408\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u7b49\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e86<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u7406\u60f3\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u4e8e\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u548c\u519c\u573a\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4ee5<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66<\/span><\/b>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u5408\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u56f4\u7ed5<\/span>\u201c<\/span>\u4eba<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6838\u5fc3\u4e3b\u9898\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4ee5\u514b\u670d\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u79d1\u7684<\/span><\/b>\u5206\u9694\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e2d\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u81f3\u5c11\u5e94\u6709\u4e00\u6240\u5177\u6709<\/span>\u4e61\u6751\u503e\u5411<\/span><\/b>\u7684\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u4e61\u6751\u6216\u519c\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6cf0\u6208\u5c14\u5728\u535a\u5c14\u666e\u5c14\u7684\u4e61\u6751\u91cd\u5efa\u5b66\u6821\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e61\u6751\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5408\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u517d\u533b\u3001\u536b\u751f\u3001\u624b\u5de5\u827a\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u81ea\u5f8b\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u793e\u4f1a\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d\u57f9\u517b\u81ea\u5f8b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u82f1\u5f0f\u5b66\u9662\u5236\uff08<\/span>House-system<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u5b50\u7fa4\u4f53\u81ea\u6cbb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u5927\u5b66\u9636\u6bb5<\/span><\/b>\u5e94\u91c7\u7528\u5b66\u9662\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u57f9\u517b\u3002\u8b66\u60d5\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5b66\u751f\u5927\u91cf\u6d8c\u5165\u5b97\u4e3b\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5438\u6536\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684<\/span>\u80a4\u6d45\u6216\u4e0d\u826f\u65b9\u9762<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u4ea7\u751f\u5fc3\u7406\u52a3\u52bf\u75c7\u72b6\uff0c\u5f15\u53d1\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\uff1a\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/span> (The Significance of Nationalism)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u4e00\u80a1\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u6700\u7ec8\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u6253\u7834\u5730\u65b9\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f80\u5f80\u6e90\u4e8e\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u4e0e\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u5dee\u5f02\u548c\u6743\u529b\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4<\/span>\u81ea\u5351\u611f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fc7\u5ea6\u81ea\u6211\u62ac\u9ad8\u6765\u8865\u507f<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u5f15\u5bfc\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u8f6c\u5411<\/span>\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u8bbe<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u7cbe\u529b\u4e0d\u5e94\u6d6a\u8d39\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u8106\u5f31\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u7ebf\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u5728\u4e61\u6751\u8fdb\u884c\u519c\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u536b\u751f\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u4fe1\u7528\u5408\u4f5c\u7b49<\/span>\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u5982\u679c\u897f\u65b9\u7ba1\u7406\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u627f\u8bfa\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u5c06<\/span>\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u6743\u529b\u548c\u6743\u5a01<\/span><\/b>\u79fb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u571f\u8457\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c06\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u7834\u574f\u6027\u3001\u50f5\u5316\u7684\u6279\u5224\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5bcc\u6709\u6210\u6548\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\uff1a\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u610f\u4e49<\/span> (The Significance of Religion)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5bf9<\/span>\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u6e34\u671b\u548c\u5bfb\u6c42<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u6559\u80b2\u8ba1\u5212\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ffd\u89c6\u5b97\u6559\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u539f\u59cb\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6559\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u6559\u548c\u4f5b\u6559\u5728\u4e1c\u65b9\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u6062\u590d\u53e4\u4ee3\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d<\/span>\u656c\u754f\u7684\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u6240\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6821\u957f\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5c31\u5e94\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d\u8425\u9020<\/span>\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u6c1b\u56f4<\/span><\/b>\uff1b\u82e5\u662f\u7a46\u65af\u6797\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u8425\u9020<\/span>\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u7684\u6cd5\u56fd\u6b96\u6c11\u5b98<\/span><\/b>\u5728\u4f5b\u5bfa\u6559\u80b2\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6ce8\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u50e7\u4fa3\u4eec\u7684\u5fe0\u8bda\u548c\u70ed\u60c5\uff0c\u5c06\u5b97\u6559\u6559\u80b2\u4e0e\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b66\u79d1\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6811\u7acb\u4e86\u5178\u8303\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2<\/span><\/b>\u4e0d\u80fd\u8131\u79bb\u5b97\u6559\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u800c\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5728\u5b66\u6821\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5141\u8bb8<\/span>\u656c\u754f\u7684\u7cbe\u795e<\/span><\/b>\u4ee5\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u5b97\u6559\u751f\u6d3b\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bbe\u65b0\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411<\/span> (Lines of Future Development)<\/span><\/b>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u6b96\u6c11\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e09\u5927\u6760\u6746\u662f<\/span>\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5efa\u8bbe<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u4e09\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u79bb\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                  \n\t\u672a\u6765\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \n\t\t\u6559\u80b2\u57fa\u5c42\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u4e61\u6751\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u6210\u4e3a\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u542f\u8499\u7126\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
                  • \n\t\t\u6559\u80b2\u9876\u5c42\u53d1\u5c55<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6b27\u571f\u6df7\u5408\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u571f\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5e76\u5f15\u5165\u6587\u5316\u7efc\u5408\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u3002\u4e2d\u7b49\u5b66\u6821\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6cbb<\/span>\/<\/span>\u81ea\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8\u57f9\u517b\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b97\u6559\u7f6e\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u56fd\u7acb\u4f4f\u5bbf\u5927\u5b66\u5e94\u529b\u6c42\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u4e0a\u4e0e\u897f\u65b9\u673a\u6784\u5e73\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
                  • \n\t\t\u91ca\u653e\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6559\u80b2\u5fc5\u987b\u89e3\u653e\u4ee5<\/span>\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u727a\u7272\u7684\u52b3\u52a8<\/span><\/b>\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5efa\u8bbe\u6027\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u897f\u65b9\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u7edf\u4e00\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a<\/span>\u6709\u673a\u6574\u4f53<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n
                  • \n\t\t\u6743\u529b\u79fb\u4ea4<\/span><\/b>\uff1a\u6b96\u6c11\u5f3a\u56fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6beb\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u5730\u627f\u8bfa\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u897f\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u529b\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c06<\/span>\u5b8c\u5168\u79fb\u4ea4\u6743\u529b\u548c\u6743\u5a01<\/span><\/b>\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \n\t\u4f5c\u8005\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u4eba\u7c7b\u793e\u4f1a\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\uff08<\/span>1<\/span>\uff09\u4e2a\u4f53\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u4e2a\u6027\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff1b\uff08<\/span>2<\/span>\uff09\u4e2a\u4f53\u89c9\u9192\u5e76\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e2a\u4eba\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff08\u5145\u6ee1\u7d27\u5f20\u548c\u51b2\u7a81\uff09\uff1b\uff08<\/span>3<\/span>\uff09<\/span>\u6709\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u56e2\u7ed3\u9636\u6bb5<\/span><\/b>\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f15\u5bfc\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u6c11\u65cf\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c<\/span>\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e0e\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5c06\u7531\u5e73\u7b49\u4f19\u4f34\u5173\u7cfb\u53d6\u4ee3<\/span><\/b>\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u8c10\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u79e9\u5e8f\u3002<\/span><\/span>\n<\/p>\n

                    \n\t